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. 2020 Jun 8;7(15):2000704. doi: 10.1002/advs.202000704

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Phenotypic analyses of polymyxin‐dependent growth. A) 5075S, 5075R, and 5075D grown on MH agar with 3 µg colistin discs. Viable counting showed 1.9 × 106 Colony Forming Unit (CFU) mL−1 cells for both 5075S and 5075R, and 3.3 × 105 CFU mL−1 cells for 5075D. B) 5075D growth in MH broth with 0–128 mg L−1 colistin (n = 4). Data are shown as mean ± SD. C) Increased uptake of dansyl‐polymyxin probe FADDI‐043 in 5075D compared to 5075S and 5075R. D) Membrane depolarization of 5075D relative to 5075S with and without colistin treatment. DiBAC, bis‐(1,3‐dibutylbarbituric acid)trimethine oxonol. E) Metabolic activity of 5075D was lower than the wild‐type 5075S without colistin, but was restored in the presence of colistin. F) Enhanced oxidative stress in 5075D relative to 5075S with and without colistin treatment. G) SEM images of 5075S, 5075R, and 5075D in the absence and presence of colistin. H) In vivo bacterial burden of 5075S (n = 6), 5075R (n = 4), and 5075D (n = 6) with or without colistin treatment. Data are shown as mean ± SD.