Table 1.

Summary of studies reporting T. gondii genotypes circulating in ruminant livestock in Europe

Country	Host species	n	Type (%)				Method	References
			I	II	III	MRA
Isolates
France	Sheep	8	–	100	–	–	MS	[40]
	Sheep	46	–	97.8	2.2	–	RFLP-ML + MS	[21]
	Cattle	2	–	100	–	–	MS	[68]
Italy	Sheep	5	–	–	–	100	RFLP-ML	[23]
Portugal	Cattle	1	100	–	–	–	RFLP-ML + MS	[22]
Romania	Goat	2	–	100	–	–	MS	[69]
Serbia	Sheep	1	–	100	–	–	RFLP-ML	[70]
UK	Sheep	2	–	100	–	–	RFLP-SAG2	[47]
Clinical samples
Ireland	Sheep (foetal tissues)	19	–	79	21	–	RFLP-ML	[6]
Italy	Goat (milk)	10	10	–	40	50	RFLP-ML	[71]
	Sheep (placental and foetal tissues)	21	–	100	–	–	RFLP-ML	[48]
	Sheep (milk)	1	100	–	–	–	RFLP-SAG3	[72]
	Cattle (skeletal muscle)	6	66.6	16.6	16.6	–	RFLP-ML	[51]
	Sheep (meat)	15	–	100	–	–	B1-Seq	[77]
	Goat (meat)	3	–	100	–	–
Poland	Goat (milk)	25	–	–	100	–	RFLP-ML	[73]
Portugal	Sheep (myocardium)	6	–	100	–	33.3	RFLP-SAG2	[74]
	Goat (myocardium)	3	–	100	–	–
	Cattle (myocardium)	3	–	100	–	–
The Netherlands	Sheep (myocardium)	13	–	100	–	–	MS + GRA6-Seq	[46]
Slovakia	Goat (milk)	14	–	100	–	–	RFLP-SAG2	[75]
Switzerland	Sheep (diaphragm)	5	–	–	–	100	RFLP-ML	[24]
	Cattle (diaphragm)	9				100a
	Sheep (diaphragm)	5	–	40	–	60	RFLP-ML	[76]
	Cattle (diaphragm)	9	–	–	–	100a
UK	Sheep (placental tissues)	13	–	100	–	–	RFLP-SAG2	[47]
	Sheep (meat)	6	60	–	–	40	RFLP-SAG2	[45]
	Cattle (meat)	1	–	–	–	100

^aIncomplete markers resembling atypical or recombinant patterns

MRA, patterns showing mixed infections; recombinants or atypical; MS, microsatellites; ML, multilocus; Seq, sequencing