Figure 1.

Possible pathophysiological pathways for exacerbation of Parkinson’s disease (PD) symptoms due to mutations in LSD-causing genes. Lysosomal dysfunction may be a key player in PD pathogenesis and could be triggered or exacerbated due to LSD gene mutations. With the lysosome being involved in numerous cellular processes, lysosomal dysfunction could explain some of the symptoms observed in PD. LSDs; lysosomal storage diseases, ER; endoplasmic reticulum, UPR; unfolded protein response, ROS; reactive oxygen species. See text for more details.