. 2020 Jun 18;215(4):1133–1142. doi: 10.1534/genetics.120.303119

Table 2. Notation for the diploid model with two sexes.

Notation	Definition
$M_{1}$	Number of newborns (of both sexes) per-year
$γ_{M}, γ_{F}$	Proportion of male and female newborns
$G_{F}, G_{M}$	Expected generation times in females and males
$G_{X} = \frac{1}{3} G_{M} + \frac{2}{3} G_{F},$ $G_{A} = \frac{1}{2} G_{M} + \frac{1}{2} G_{F}$	Expected generation times for X and autosomes
$W_{F}, W_{M}$	Expected endogenous reproductive success factors in males and females
$W_{X} = \frac{1}{3} W_{M} + \frac{2}{3} W_{F},$ $W_{A} = \frac{1}{2} W_{M} + \frac{1}{2} W_{F}$	Expected endogenous reproductive success factors for X and autosomes
$M_{F}, M_{A}$	Effective sizes of age classes in males and females
$1 / M_{X} = \frac{1}{3} \cdot (W_{M} / W_{X}) / M_{M} + \frac{2}{3} \cdot (W_{F} / W_{X}) / M_{F},$ $1 / M_{A} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot (W_{M} / W_{A}) / M_{M} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (W_{F} / W_{A}) / M_{F}$	Effective sizes of age classes for X and autosomes
$V_{M}, V_{F}$	Reproductive variance of males and females
$V_{X} = \frac{1}{3} V_{M} + \frac{2}{3} V_{F},$ $V_{A} = \frac{1}{2} V_{M} + \frac{1}{2} V_{F}$	Reproductive variance for X and autosomes
$μ_{M}, μ_{F}$	Expected mutation rate per generation in males and females
$μ_{X} = \frac{1}{3} μ_{M} + \frac{2}{3} μ_{F},$ $μ_{A} = \frac{1}{2} μ_{M} + \frac{1}{2} μ_{F}$	Average mutation rate on the X and autosomes
$f (x) = (2 x + 4) / (3 x + 3)$	Function relating male-to-female ratios and X:A ratios

All quantities in males and females are defined as in the haploid model (Table 1). All quantities for X and autosomes, other than effective age-class sizes, are arithmetic averages over sexes, weighted by the proportion of generations that X and autosomes spend in each sex. The effective age-class sizes are harmonic averages over sexes, weighted by the relative endogenous reproductive success factors, $W,$ in each sex