| CaCO3 | calcium carbonate |
| HCl | hydrochloric acid |
| NaOH | sodium hydroxide |
| FTIR | Fourier-transform infrared |
| 13CP/MAS-NMR | 13C cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance |
| DDA | degree of deacetylation |
| H NMR | hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance |
| IR | infrared |
| XRD | X-ray diffraction |
| SEM | scanning electron microscope |
| TGA | thermogravimetric analysis |
| DTGmax | maximal decomposition rate |
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