The relative protein levels of components of the microtubule cytoskeleton that participate in sperm tail movement. (A)—Tuba1c, alpha-tubulin (50 kDa, component of the tubulin heterodimer); (B)—Tubb4b, beta-tubulin (50 kDa, component of the tubulin heterodimer); (C)—Cct4, chaperonin containing Tcp1 subunit 4-delta (56 kDa, participates in the assembly of tubulin heterodimers); (D)—Ckap5, cytoskeleton-associated protein 5 (200 kDa, binds microtubules to each other and to the membrane). * p < 0.05, #
p < 0.1 compared with the static control group. Typical Western blots for each protein are shown in the histogram. The data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean (M ± SE).