Table 1.

Antiviral effects of AbM, HE and GF ()

Viral agent	Experimental model	Mushroom product	Antiviral effect/Mechanism	Author	References
WEE virus	In vitro, cell cultures	AbM extract	Anti‐cytopathic effect induced by WEE virus in Vero cells	Sorimachi et al, 2001	[25]
Polio virus	In vitro	AbM extract	Reduced virus replication	Faccin et al, 2007	[26]
HBV	HEp G2 cells	GF extract	Induction of endogenous antioxidant enzyme	Gu et al, 2006	[29]
	Patients with chron. Infection (n = 4)	AbM extract	Normalized liver function	Hsu et al, 2008	[27]
HCV	Patients with chron. Infection (n = 5)	Mycelium extract incl. HE, GF, (Andosan) p.o.	Slight reduction (not significant)	Grinde et al, 2006	[28]
HSV‐1 or HSV‐2	In vitro, and in Mice	GF protein, topical admin.	Reduced virus production	Gu et al, 2007	[30]
	HEp‐2 cultures	AbM polysaccharide and beta‐glucan	Inhibition	Minari et al, 2011	[31]
	HEp‐2 cultures	AbM polysaccharide	Inhibition	Yamamoto et al, 2013	[32]
	Mice, ocular, cutaneous and vaginal infections	AbM mycelial polysacc., p.o.	Reduced topical infections	Cardozo et al, 2013	[33]
Influenza virus	In vitro	AbM metabolites	Direct antiviral action	Avtonomova et al, 2014	[35]
	Plaque formation inhib. test	AbM extract	Inhibition	Eguchi et al, 2017	[36]
Enterovirus 71	In vitro	GF polysaccharide, p.o.	Blocked viral replication	Zhao et al, 2016	[34]
Muscovy duck reovirus	Ducklings	HE polysaccharide	Restor. of injured mucosal immunity	Wu et al, 2018	[37]
Dengue virus	In vitro	HE	Inhibition	Ellan et al, 2019	[38]