Table 3.
Effective concentrations (EC50 µg mL−1) for lethal and sublethal toxicity recorded in resting porcine spermatozoa and kidney cells (PK-15) exposed to ethanol extracts obtained from the Chaetomium globosum strains and selected reference mycotoxins.
| Strain Code | EC50 µg mL−1 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boar Sperm | PK-15 | |||||||
| Lethal Toxicity | Sublethal Toxicity | |||||||
| SMIDR | BSMIR | Depletion of ΔΨm | Acceleration of glycolysis | Acidosis | ||||
| 2 days | 4 days | 2 days | 4 days | 2 days | 4 days | 1 day | 2 days | |
| MTAV35 | >20 | >20 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 3 | None | None |
| MTAV37 | >20 | >20 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | None | None |
| Reference toxins | ||||||||
| Lethal toxin forming ion channels in the plasma membrane | ||||||||
| Alamethicin | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | None | None | |||
| Sublethal toxin inhibiting glucose transport | ||||||||
| Chaeto-globosin A | >20 | 1 | 2 | None | None | |||
| Sublethal mitochondrial toxins | ||||||||
| Enniatin B | >50 | 5 | 5 | 5 (50) * | 5 | |||
| Moniliformin | ND | 2 | None | 4 (40) * | 4 | |||
| Valinomycin | 5 | 0.00005 | 0.00005 | 0.005 (5) * | 0.005 | |||
* Number in parenthesis is the lethal concentration in resting PK-15 cells.