Table I.
Patient demographics, haematological diagnosis and treatment history.
|
All patients n = 55 |
Died n = 19 |
Recovered n = 35 |
OR (95% CI), value |
Severe Disease n = 25 |
No severe disease n = 30 |
OR (95% CI), P‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis, median (range) | 63·0 (23–88) | 67·0 (51–88) | 60·0 (23–82) | 1·96 (1·14–3·37), P = 0·015† | 66·0 (27–88) | 59·5 (23–82) | 1·44 (0·95–2·19), P = 0·086 |
| Sex, % (n/total) | |||||||
| Male | 69 (38/55) | 68 (13/19) | 69 (24/35) | 1·00 | 64 (16/25) | 73 (23/30) | 1·00 |
| Female | 31 (17/55) | 32 (6/19) | 31 (11/35) | 1·01 (0·30–3·35), P = 0·99 | 36 (9/25) | 27 (8/30) | 1·55 (0·49–4·88), P = 0·46 |
| Ethnicity, % (n/total | |||||||
| Caucasian | 70 (38/54) | 53 (10/19) | 79 (27/34) | 1·00, P = 0·039† | 60 (15/25) | 79 (23/29) | 1·00, P = 0·13 |
| Black | 9 (5/54) | 21 (4/19) | 3 (1/34) | 6·40 (0·65–62·84) | 16 (4/25) | 3 (1/29) | 11·20 (1·11–112·52) |
| Asian | 19 (10/54) | 26 (5/19) | 15 (5/34) | 2·40 (0·58–9·93) | 24 (6/25) | 14 (4/29) | 2·80 (0·67−11·75) |
| Other | 2 (1/54) | 0 | 3 (1/34) | – | 0 | 3 (1/29) | ‐ |
| Smoker, % (n/total) | |||||||
| Non‐smoker | 82 (31/38) | 86 (12/14) | 78 (18/23) | P > 0·99* | 87 (14/16) | 77 (17/22) | P 1 = 0·82 |
| Current | 3 (1/38) | 0 | 4 (1/23) | 0 | 5 (1/22) | ||
| Ex‐smoker | 16 (6/38) | 14 (2/14) | 17 (4/23) | 12 (2/16) | 18 (4/22) | ||
| BMI, median (range) | 25·7 (18–40·5) | 24·3 (18·2–31) | 26·7 (18–40·5) | 0·33 (0·09–1·25), P = 0·10 | 25·8 (18·2–37·6) | 25·7 (18–40·5) | 0·61 (0·20–1·91), P = 0·40 |
| Comorbidities and ceiling of care | |||||||
| COPD, % (n/total) | |||||||
| No COPD | 98 (53/54) | 95 (18/19) | 100 (34/34) | P = 0·36* | 96 (24/25) | 100 (29/29) | P = 0·46* |
| COPD | 2 (1/54) | 5 (1/19) | 0 | 4 (1/25) | 0 | ||
| Ischaemic heart disease, % (n/total) | |||||||
| No IHD | 94 (51/54) | 100 (19/19) | 91 (31/34) | P = 0·55* | 96 (24/25) | 93 (27/29) | P > 0·99* |
| IHD | 6 (3/54) | 0 | 9 (3/34) | 4 (1/25) | 7 (2/29) | ||
| Hypertension, n (%) | |||||||
| No hypertension | 63 (34/54) | 68 (13/19) | 60 (21/35) | 1·00 | 68 (17/25) | 60 (18/30) | 1·00 |
| Hypertension | 37 (20/54) | 32 (6/19) | 40 (14/35) | 0·69 (0·21–2·25), P = 0·54 | 32 (8/25) | 40 (12/30) | 0·71 (0·23–2·15), P = 0·54 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | |||||||
| No diabetes | 80 (43/54) | 84 (16/19) | 76 (26/34) | 1·00 | 80 (20/25) | 79 (23/29) | 1·00 |
| Diabetes | 20 (11/54) | 16 (3/19) | 24 (8/34) | 0·61 (0·14– 2·64), P = 0·51 | 20 (5/25) | 21 (6/29) | 0·96 (0·25–3·62), P = 0·95 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | |||||||
| No CKD | 87 (47/54) | 89 (17/19) | 85 (29/34) | 1·00 | 84 (21/25) | 90 (26/29) | 1·00 |
| CKD | 13 (7/54) | 11 (2/19) | 15 (5/34) | 0·68 (0·12‐ 3·91), P = 0·67 | 16 (4/25) | 10 (3/29) | 1·65 (0·33–8·21), P = 0·54 |
| Haematology diagnosis, % (n/total) | |||||||
| MM/AL | 24 (13/55) | 21 (4/19) | 26 (9/35) | .. | 16 (4/25) | 30 (9/30) | .. |
| MDS | 7 (4/55) | 5 (1/19) | 9 (3/35) | .. | 4 (1/25) | 10 (3/30) | .. |
| Acute leukaemia | 20 (11/55) | 16 (3/19) | 20 (7/35) | .. | 24 (6/25) | 17 (5/30) | .. |
| CML | 2 (1/55) | 0 | 3 (1/35) | .. | 4 (1/25) | 0 | .. |
| B‐cell NHL low grade | 15 (8/55) | 16 (3/19) | 14 (5/35) | .. | 16 (4/25) | 13 (4/30) | .. |
| B‐cell NHL high grade | 16 (9/55) | 21 (4/19) | 14 (5/35) | .. | 16 (4/25) | 17 (5/30) | .. |
| BM failure syndromes | 4 (2/55) | 5 (1/19) | 3 (1/35) | .. | 4 (1/25) | 3 (1/30) | .. |
| TTP | 2 (1/55) | 0 | 3 (1/35) | .. | 0 | 3 (1/30) | .. |
| MPN | 11 (6/55) | 16 (3/19) | 9 (3/35) | .. | 16 (4/25) | 7 (2/30) | .. |
| Prior lines of therapy (Number), n (%) | |||||||
| 0 | 64 (35/55) | 58 (11/19) | 69 (24/35) | .. | 60 (15/25) | 67 (20/30) | .. |
| 1 | 13 (7/55) | 11 (2/19) | 11 (4/35) | .. | 16 (4/25) | 10 (3/30) | .. |
| 2 | 16 (9/55) | 26 (5/19) | 11 (4/35) | .. | 20 (5/25) | 13 (4/30) | .. |
| 3 | 4 (2/55) | 5 (1/19) | 3 (1/35) | .. | 4 (1/25) | 3 (1/30) | .. |
| 4 | 4 (2/55) | 0 | 6 (2/35) | .. | 0 | 7 (2/30) | .. |
| Stem cell transplant, n (%) | |||||||
| No ASCT | 83 (45/54) | 84 (16/19) | 85 (29/34) | .. | 84 (21/25) | 83 (24/29) | .. |
| AutoSCT | 13 (7/54) | 16 (3/19) | 9 (4/34) | .. | 12 (3/25) | 14 (4/29) | .. |
| AlloSCT | 4 (2/54) | 0 | 3 (1/34) | .. | 4 (1/25) | 3 (1/30) | .. |
| Immunosuppression within 14 days, n (%) | |||||||
| No immunosuppression | 53 (28/53) | 44 (8/18) | 59 (20/34) | 1·00 | 50 (12/24) | 55 (16/29) | 1·00 |
| Immunosuppression | 47 (25/53) | 56 (10/18) | 41 (14/34) | 1·79 (0·56–5·66), P = 0·32 | 50 (12/24) | 45 (13/29) | 1·23 (0·42–3·64), P = 0·71 |
| Days since chemo day 1, n (%) | |||||||
| ≥28 days since chemo day 1 | 18 (10/55) | 11 (2/18) | 25 (8/34) | 1·00 (P = 0·43) | 12 (3/25) | 23 (7/30) | 1·00 (P = 0·48) |
| 14‐28 days since chemo day 1 | 24 (13/55) | 26 (5/18) | 22 (7/34) | 2·86 (0·42–19·65) | 25 (6/25) | 23 (7/30) | 2·00 (0·35–11·36) |
| <14 days since chemo day 1 | 53 (29/55) | 63 (12/18) | 53 (17/34) | 2·82 (0·51–15·72) | 62 (15/25) | 47 (14/30) | 2·50 (0·54–11·62) |
| No treatment | 5 (3/55) | 0 | 3 (9/34) | .. | 4 (1/25) | 7 (2/30) | ‐ |
| Intensity of most recent treatment, n (%) | |||||||
| Non‐intensive | 65 (36/55) | 74 (14/19) | 63 (22/35) | 1·00 | 64 (16/25) | 67 (20/30) | 1·00 |
| Intensive | 29 (16/55) | 26 (5/19) | 29 (10/35) | 0·79 (0·22–2·79), P = 0·71 | 32 (8/25) | 27 (8/30) | 1·25 (0·38–4·07), P = 0·71) |
| No treatment | 5 (3/55) | 0 | 9 (3/35) | 4 (1/25) | 7 (2/30) | ||
BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; autoSCT, autologous stem cell transplant; alloSCT, allogeneic stem cell transplant; chemo, chemotherapy.
*
Fisher's exact test used to calculate differences between patient groups.
†
denotes a significant P value (<0·05).