Table 3.
Correlates of Individual, Couple, and Parental Functioning
| Variables | % or M (SD) | Full Sample z‐score Composites | Child Not At Home (DAS) | Child At Home (CERFB) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological Distress a (N = 407) | Couple Functioning b (N = 384) | Dyadic Adjustment c (N = 191) | Conjugal Function d (N = 193) | Parental Function d (N = 216) | Coparental Function d (N = 216) | ||
| A. Demographics and lockdown duration | |||||||
| Parental/household status | |||||||
| Child at home (0/1) | .48 | .01 | .00 | ||||
| No children (0/1) | .37 | −.04 | .03 | ||||
| Empty nest (0/1) | .10 | −.03 | −.04 | ||||
| Divorced parent (0/1) | .06 | .11* | |||||
| Preschool child (0/1) | .13 | .14** | .09† | .14* | .08 | .03 | |
| Employment situation | |||||||
| Employed (0/1) | .63 | −.10† | .08 | −.02 | .18* | .06 | .08 |
| Telecommute (0/1) | .54 | −.09† | .09† | −.03 | .22** | .12† | .09 |
| COVID job loss (0/1) | .07 | .12* | −.12* | −.09 | −.16* | −.07 | −.19** |
| Unemployed (0/1) | .17 | .11* | .06 | −.05 | −.20** | −.09 | −.15* |
| Perceived economic risk (1–5) | 2.7 (1.1) | .18*** | .01 | .01 | .00 | −.12† | −.11 |
| Age | 42.7 (12.7) | −.04 | −.11* | −.08 | −.17* | −.11 | −.14* |
| Female (0/1) | .77 | .16** | −.10† | −.15* | −.04 | −.13† | −.17* |
| Urban residence (0/1) | .67 | .00 | .05 | −.02 | .12† | .12† | .07 |
| University graduate (0/1) | .77 | −.08† | −.01 | −.06 | .05 | .24*** | .12† |
| Health professional (0/1) | .33 | −.18*** | −.02 | −.08 | .11 | .11† | .05 |
| Educator (0/1) | .11 | −.12 | −.05 | .04 | .04 | .15* | .07 |
| Commercial, self−employed (0/1) | .47 | .20*** | .07 | .04 | .10 | −.15* | −.05 |
| Household health problem (0/1) | .14 | .15** | .01 | .05 | −.04 | −.15* | −.10 |
| Psychological treatment (0/1) | .12 | .24*** | −.03 | −.02 | −.04 | −.23** | −.15* |
| Psychological distress a | — | 1.00 | −.25*** | −.45*** | −.06 | −.30*** | −.31*** |
| Lockdown days | 15.9 (4.2) | .04 | −.08 | .09 | .25*** | −.03 | .07 |
| Variables | % | Full Sample z‐score Composites | Child Not At Home (DAS) | Child At Home (CERFB) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological Distress a (N = 329) | Couple Functioning b (N = 310) | Dyadic Adjustment c (N = 143) | Conjugal Function d (N = 167) | Parental Function d (N = 186) | Coparental Function d (N = 186) | ||
| B. Perceived relationship changes during lockdown | |||||||
| Any improvement (0/1) | .62 | −.31*** | .21*** | .39*** | .04 | .11 | .24** |
| Family (re)connection | .45 | −.25*** | .14** | .28*** | .01 | .06 | .17* |
| Teamwork spirit | .20 | −.03 | .08 | .22** | −.05 | .09 | .15* |
| Better communication | .19 | −.13* | .08 | .16† | .00 | .02 | .02 |
| More expressiveness | .09 | −.06 | .02 | .08 | .04 | .01 | .11 |
| Balanced needs | .05 | −.06 | .01 | .11 | −.07 | −.02 | .10 |
| Any deterioration (0/1) | .41 | .28*** | −.16** | −.38*** | .05 | −.15* | −.19** |
| Conflict atmosphere | .22 | .23*** | −.13* | −.35*** | .05 | −.12 | −.18* |
| Couple/family distance | .12 | .20*** | −.24*** | −.37*** | −.07 | −.02 | −.18* |
| Unbalanced needs | .10 | .09* | −.13* | −.28** | −.07 | −.02 | −.05 |
| Negative expectations | .08 | .07 | −.01 | .04 | −.04 | −.09 | −.01 |
Table entries are Pearson’s or point‐biserial correlation coefficients reflecting associations between predictor variables and measures of individual, couple, and parental functioning. Left‐most column includes prevalence proportions for dichotomous predictors and qualitative themes.
Two‐tailed significance levels: ***p < .001, **p < .01, *p < .05, † p < .10.
Z‐score composite of STAI state and trait anxiety measures and BDI depression available for all participants.
Z‐score composite of total dyadic adjustment (DAS) and CERFB marital functioning scores, excluding divorced parents.
Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) total score.
Family relations (CERFB) scores for parents with at least on child at home.