Table 3.
Findings | All studies (published and preprint) | Published studies | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N patients | N studies | Point estimate (%) | 95% CI (%) | I 2 | N patients | N studies | Point estimate (%) | 95% CI (%) | I 2 | |
Gastrointestinal symptoms | ||||||||||
Diarrhea | 5104 | 23 | 8.7 | 5.4‐13.9 | 94.62 | 2308 | 15 | 9.9 | 6.5‐14.9 | 85.90 |
Anorexia | 2515 | 5 | 8.0 | 3.0‐19.8 | 97.21 | 1438 | 3 | 20.0 | 9.5‐37.2 | 95.97 |
Nausea | 2458 | 7 | 5.1 | 2.3‐11.0 | 88.63 | 1349 | 4 | 8.1 | 4.0‐15.6 | 70.30 |
Vomiting | 2513 | 6 | 3.7 | 1.6‐8.3 | 85.29 | 1577 | 5 | 5.8 | 3.3‐10.2 | 71.67 |
Abdominal pain | 1400 | 3 | 3.7 | 2.8‐4.8 | <0.01 | 1400 | 3 | 3.7 | 2.8‐4.8 | <0.01 |
Abdominal distension | 1020 | 2 | 0.7 | 0.0‐18.9 | 89.22 | 84 | 1 | 3.6 | 1.2‐10.5 | 0.00 |
Liver function abnormalities | ||||||||||
Decreased albumin | 136 | 2 | 49.3 | 34.4‐64.4 | 48.41 | 136 | 2 | 49.3 | 34.4‐64.4 | 48.41 |
Elevated ALT | 426 | 3 | 19.4 | 9.9‐34.3 | 88.68 | 364 | 2 | 20.8 | 8.3‐43.4 | 93.71 |
Elevated AST | 311 | 3 | 15.2 | 9.3‐23.8 | 59.98 | 311 | 3 | 15.2 | 9.3‐23.8 | 59.98 |
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CI, confidence interval; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease‐2019.