Figure 5.

SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling precedes BMP signaling. Passage 3 HCF were pretreated before seeding and continuously cultured on plastic with addition of soluble HA or HC-HA/PTX3 with or without inhibitors AMD3100 or SB431542 for different times in a period of 60 min before being harvested for phase contrast micrography (A, Bar = 100 µm) and immunostaining to CXCR4 and pSMAD1/5 with nuclear staining by Hoechst 33342 (C, Bar = 100 µm) and for a total of 48 hours before quantitative RT-PCR using the expression level at time 0 as 1 (B, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, n = 3).