Table 6.
Diagnostic Indices of AF Endoglin, Endostatin, IL-6, IL-8, IGFBP-2, Clinical Factors, and Antenatal Model to Predict Occurrence and Progression of ROP Among Preterm Infants
| Variables | Area (±SE) Under the ROC Curve | Cutoff Value* | Sensitivity† (95% CI) | Specificity† (95% CI) | PPV | NPV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROP occurrence | ||||||
| AF endoglin (ng/mL) | 0.719 ± 0.044 | ≥7.3 | 62.0 (47.2–75.4) | 71.2 (62.4–79.0) | 46.3 | 82.4 |
| AF endostatin (ng/mL) | 0.641 ± 0.047 | ≥60.86 | 64.0 (49.2–77.1) | 62.4 (53.3–70.9) | 40.5 | 81.3 |
| AF IGFBP-2 (µg/mL) | 0.597 ± 0.048‡ | ≥1.22 | 58.0 (43.3–71.5) | 62.4 (53.3–70.8) | 38.2 | 78.8 |
| AF IL-6 (ng/mL) | 0.596 ± 0.050‡ | ≥10.49 | 66.0 (51.1–78.4) | 54.4 (45.3–63.3) | 36.7 | 80.0 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 0.755 ± 0.040 | ≤1.117 | 56.0 (41.4–69.7) | 83.2 (75.2–89.1) | 57.1 | 82.5 |
| GA at birth (weeks) | 0.747 ± 0.040 | ≤28.25 | 50.0 (35.7–64.3) | 78.4 (70.0–85.1) | 48.1 | 79.7 |
| Combined model A§ | 0.731 ± 0.045 | ≥0.22 | 72.0 (57.5–83.8) | 65.6 (56.6–73.9) | 45.6 | 85.4 |
| Severe ROP (stage 3) | ||||||
| AF endoglin (ng/mL) | 0.725 ± 0.054 | ≥7.3 | 70.4 (49.8–86.3) | 67.6 (59.4–75.0) | 28.4 | 92.6 |
| AF endostatin (ng/mL) | 0.666 ± 0.056 | ≥61.34 | 70.4 (49.8–86.3) | 60.1 (51.8–68.1) | 24.4 | 91.8 |
| AF IGFBP-2 (µg/mL) | 0.613 ± 0.062 | ≥1.60 | 44.4 (26.0–64.4) | 80.4 (73.1–86.5) | 29.3 | 88.8 |
| AF IL-6 (ng/mL) | 0.684 ± 0.055 | ≥10.49 | 81.5 (61.3–93.0) | 53.4 (45.0–61.6) | 24.2 | 94.1 |
| AF IL-8 (ng/mL) | 0.640 ± 0.054 | ≥4.63 | 77.8 (57.3–90.6) | 53.4 (45.0–61.6) | 23.3 | 92.9 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 0.825 ± 0.044 | ≤0.947 | 55.6 (35.6–74.0) | 95.3 (90.1–97.9) | 68.2 | 92.1 |
| GA at birth (weeks) | 0.799 ± 0.046 | ≤27.20 | 55.6 (35.6–74.0) | 87.8 (81.2–92.4) | 45.5 | 91.5 |
| Combined model B‖ | 0.736 ± 0.058 | ≥0.11 | 74.1 (53.7–88.9) | 60.1 (51.8–68.1) | 25.3 | 92.7 |
| Vision-threatening ROP requiring treatment¶ | ||||||
| AF endoglin (ng/mL) | 0.745 ± 0.063 | ≥9.1 | 68.4 (43.5–87.4) | 84.0 (77.3–89.4) | 34.2 | 95.6 |
| AF endostatin (ng/mL) | 0.657 ± 0.061# | ≥72.86 | 57.9 (33.5–79.8) | 75.0 (67.5–81.6) | 22.0 | 93.6 |
| AF IL-6 (ng/mL) | 0.747 ± 0.062 | ≥10.49 | 89.5 (65.4–87.2) | 53.2 (45.1–61.2) | 18.9 | 97.6 |
| AF IL-8 (ng/mL) | 0.706 ± 0.059** | ≥6.38 | 84.2 (59.5–95.8) | 60.9 (52.7–68.5) | 20.8 | 96.9 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 0.885 ± 0.041 | ≤0.947 | 73.7 (48.6–89.9) | 94.9 (89.8–97.6) | 63.6 | 96.7 |
| GA at birth (weeks) | 0.893 ± 0.037 | ≤27.15 | 78.9 (53.9–93.0) | 88.5 (82.1–92.8) | 45.5 | 97.2 |
| Combined model C†† | 0.863 ± 0.055 | ≥0.19 | 78.9 (54.4–93.9) | 89.1 (83.1–95.3) | 46.0 | 97.2 |
CI, confidence interval; GA, gestational age; NPV, negative predictive; PPV, positive predictive value; ROC, receiver operating characteristics; SE, standard error.
Cutoff values corresponding to the highest sum of sensitivity and specificity.
Values are given as percent (95% CI).
P < 0.05 compared with the combined model A by the method of DeLong et al.31
Combined model A consists of high AF levels of endoglin (quartile 4, ≥8.73 ng/mL) and IL-6 (quartile 4, ≥41.41 ng/mL).
Combined model B consists of high AF levels of endoglin (quartile 4, ≥8.73 ng/mL) and IL-6 (quartile 4, ≥41.41 ng/mL).
P < 0.001 compared with the combined model C by the method of DeLong et al.31
P < 0.05 compared with the combined model C by the method of DeLong et al.31
Combined model C consists of high levels of endoglin (quartile 4, ≥8.73 ng/mL), IL-8 (quartile 4, ≥11.75 ng/mL), and low gestational age at sampling (quartile 4, ≤26.3 weeks).