Table 1.

A comparison of relevant literature in the network design of hazardous waste management system.

Papers	Decisions			Material flow		Objective function		Environment		Solution		Validation methodology
	Location	Allocation/Routing	Others	Single	Multiple	Single	Multiple	Certain	Uncertain	Exact	Approximation
Nema and Gupta (2003)	×	×		×			×	×		×		Numerical experiment
Alumur and Kara (2007)	×	×			×		×	×		×		Case study
Emek and Kara (2007)	×	×			×	×		×		×		Case study
Sheu (2007)		×			×		×	×		×		Numerical experiment
Zografos and Androutsopoulos (2008)		×					×	×		×		Case study
Das et al. (2012)		×		×			×	×		×		Case study
Xie et al. (2012)	×	×		×			×	×		×		Case study
Boyer et al. (2013)	×	×			×		×	×		×		Case study
Samanlioglu (2013)	×	×			×		×	×		×		Case study
Berglund and Kwon (2014)	×	×		×		×			×	×	×	Numerical experiment
Jiang et al. (2014)	×	×			×		×	×		×		Case study
Ardjmand et al. (2015)	×	×		×			×	×			×	Numerical experiment
Li et al. (2015)	×			×		×		×		×		Case study
Zhao and Verter (2015)	×	×		×			×	×		×		Case study
Ardjmand et al. (2016)	×	×		×		×			×		×	Numerical experiment
Lee et al. (2016)	×			×		×		×		×		Case study
Yu and Solvang (2016)	×	×			×		×	×		×		Numerical experiment
Zhao et al. (2016)	×	×	×		×		×	×		×		Case study
Yu and Solvang (2017a)	×	×		×			×	×		×		Numerical experiment
Asgari et al. (2017)	×	×			×		×	×		×		Case study
Farrokhi-Asl et al. (2017)	×	×			×		×	×			×	Numerical experiment
Paredes-Belmar et al. (2017)		×			×	×		×		×		Case study
Yilmaz et al. (2017)	×	×			×		×	×		×		Case study
Rabbani et al. (2018)	×	×			×		×	×			×	Numerical experiment
Rabbani et al. (2019)	×	×	×		×		×		×		×	Numerical experiment
Zhao and Huang (2019)	×	×			×		×	×		×		Case study
This study	×	×			×		×		×		×	Numerical experiment and case study