Table 2.

Issues related to safely performing pulmonary function test: spirometry manufacturers’ proposed solutions.

Issue	Proposed solutions
	Vitalograph26	Morgan Scientific28	ndd27	Vyaire29
Cleaning and infection control	New BVF for each pt Clean the exterior surface with a 70% isopropyl alcohol solution The interior of the patient circuit requires no decontamination between tests If internal contamination is suspected, follow appropriate protocol	New BVF for each pt Clean the exterior surface with a 70% isopropyl alcohol solution The interior of the patient circuit requires no decontamination between tests Equipment cleaning and disinfection required after use on infected subjects or prior to use on ID	The ndd hygiene solution, which uses the inserts spirette, FlowTube and bamette, requires no cleaning of internal tubing or sensor Surface cleaning is required Separate test / administrative area Risk assessment questionnaire	Use MicroGard II BVF Minimize contamination performing PFTs Use an enzyme cleaner with neutral pH (pH 6–8) Do not use temperatures above 130 °F
HCWs protection			PPE: - surgical mask - disposable gloves
Minimum wait time between patients		5 minutes
Ventilation			Air ventilation and sterilization
Critical issue			Measurements are influenced by the filter's resistance

List of Abbreviations: BVF: Bacterial Viral Filter; HCWs: health-care workers; ID: Immunocompromised patients; PFTs: Pulmonary Function Tests; PPE: personal protective equipment; Pt: patient.