Table 1.

Patient navigator (PN) targeted interventions

Main aspects	Targeted PN interventions
Reducing the amount of caregiving (ZBI Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9)	Referral to community services such as day care/day rehabilitation/respite/interim caregiver support, befriender, etc. Application and purchase/rental of medical devices to aid caregiving. Affirmation and encouragement to caregivers. Engagement in regular physical activity, health screening/checks, taking short vacation, etc. Referral and engagement with caregiver support groups.
Improving caregiving skills (ZBI Q10, Q11, Q12)	Multicomponent psycho-social-emotional counselling by trained healthcare staff (medical social worker, psychologist, nurse counsellor, case manager, etc). Either individual or family. Provide an individualised one-to-one/institutional-level caregiver training. Chronic disease and medication education and empowerment. Application for financial assistance or financial counselling. Transitional homecare postdischarge.