Table 2.
Characteristics of testicular (intracytoplasmic sperm injection using testicular sperm) group and ejaculate (intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle using ejaculated sperm-high sperm DNA fragmentation) group (second control)
| Parameter | T-ICSI (n=52) | Ej-ICSI-high SDF (control, n=48) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year), mean±s.d. | |||
| Male | 38.9±5.9 | 39.7±6.5 | 0.54 |
| Female | 34.4±3.7 | 35.5±3.3 | 0.2 |
| Female body mass index (kg m−2), mean±s.d. | 23.0±3.4 | 24.0±4.7 | 0.7 |
| Type of infertility, n (%) | |||
| Primary | 36 (69.2) | 31 (64.6) | 0.62 |
| Secondary | 16 (30.8) | 17 (35.4) | |
| Serum FSH level (IU l−1), mean±s.d. | 6.8±7.2 | 4.6±1.8 | 0.3 |
| Total testosterone (nmol l−1), mean±s.d. | 12.0±4.0 | 16.0±7.1 | 0.01 |
| Right testicular volume (ml), mean±s.d. | 18.0±2.7 | 19.0±3.1 | 0.22 |
| Left testicular volume (ml), mean±s.d. | 17.0±2.4 | 18.0±3.0 | 0.4 |
| Spermogram, mean±s.d. | |||
| Volume (ml) | 3.1±1.7 | 2.7±1.1 | 0.15 |
| Concentration (×106 ml−1) | 22.9±31.6 | 41.2±49.9 | 0.006 |
| Total motility (%) | 42±23.9 | 52±22.8 | 0.03 |
| Normal morphology (%) | 1.9±1.7 | 1.8±1.6 | 0.9 |
| DFI (%) | 37.6±15.9 | 26±8.6 | <0.001 |
| A+B | 0.27±0.2 | 0.49±0.22 | <0.001 |
| Number of oocytes, mean±s.d. | |||
| Retrieved | 11.2±5.6 | 11.5±6.7 | 0.87 |
| MII | 10.3±5.3 | 9.0±6.0 | 0.1 |
| Fertilization rate, mean±s.d. | 0.58±0.27 | 0.7±0.23 | 0.03 |
| Prior ICSI, mean±s.d. | 2.0±1.0 | 3.3±1.3 | <0.001 |
| Cycles with failed embryo development, n (%) | 4/52 (7.7) | 7/48 (14.6) | 0.27 |
| Total embryos, mean±s.d. | 6.2±4.1 | 5.4±4.2 | 0.29 |
DFI: DNA fragmentation index; MII: metaphase II; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; ICSI: intracytoplasmic sperm injection; T-ICSI: ICSI using testicular sperm; Ej-ICSI: ICSI cycle using ejaculated sperm; s.d.: standard deviation; SDF: sperm DNA fragmentation; A+B: progressive motility