. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2019 Sep-Oct;30(5):500–510. doi: 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000064

Table 2.

Associations of Mental and Physical Quality of Life by Age

Mental Quality of Life
Factors in Model	Age difference^a	95% CI	p-value

Age only^b
Age ≥ 50 years (< 50 years reference)	3.4	(1.6, 5.2)	< .001
Age, Demographics^c
Age ≥ 50 years (< 50 years reference)	4.1	(2.2, 6.0)	< .001
Age, Demographic, HIV Clinical^d
Age ≥ 50 years (< 50 years reference)	4.0	(2.0, 5.9)	< .001
Age, Demographic, HIV Clinical, Substance use, Mental Health Characteristics^e
Age ≥ 50 years (< 50 years reference)	2.4	(0.8, 4.0)	.0047

Physical Quality of Life
Factors in Model	Age difference^a	95% CI	p-value

Age only^b
Age ≥ 50 years (< 50 years reference)	−4.0	(−5.4, −2.5)	< .001
Age, Demographics^c
Age ≥ 50 years (< 50 years reference)	−3.0	(−4.5, −1.5)	< .001
Age, Demographic, HIV Clinical^d
Age ≥ 50 years (< 50 years reference)	−3.0	(−4.4, −1.4)	< .001
Age, Demographic, HIV Clinical, Substance use, Mental Health Characteristics^e
Age ≥ 50 years (< 50 years reference)	−3.1	(−4.6, −1.6)	< .001

Note. CI = confidence interval.

^a.

Differences by age from linear regression models and interpreted as mean quality of life summary scores for persons living with HIV ≥ 50 years of age minus scores for persons living with HIV < 50 years of age.

^b.

Bi-variate model including only age group.

^c.

Demographic variables included in model: gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, employment status, and HIV risk group.

^d.

HIV clinical characteristics included in model: CD4+ T cell counts and HIV RNA levels.

^e.

Substance use and psychosocial variables included in the model: Alcohol use defined as 4 drinks for women and 5 drinks for men in a day for 4+ days in the past 30 days, Marijuana and Tobacco use in past 30 days, and other substance use (prescription drug use other than as prescribed, tranquilizers, stimulants, cocaine, painkillers, heroin, hallucinogens, and ecstasy); Mental Health Characteristics include depression as assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 score and anxiety as assessed by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 score