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. 2019 Sep 19;54(3):683–712. doi: 10.1007/s10579-019-09475-3

Table 2.

Popular NER taggers tested in June 2018 using official demo interfaces (incorrect labels underlined) on the sentence: “Milan, who was speakingLebanesewith aSyrianofUKorigin as well as the King ofJordan, reports that theIraqimilitia and theUSCongress confirmed thatTurkeyhas shelled a city inSyria, right on theIraqiborder near theMinistry of Defense

Toponym (type) Label GOOG. SPACY STANF. ANNIE ILLIN. IBM
Milan (Homomymy) Assoc. Literal Literal Literal Literal Organ. Literal
Lebanese (Language) Assoc. Literal Demon. Demon. Misc.
Syrian (Demonym) Assoc. Literal Demon. Demon. Misc.
UK origin (NounMod) Assoc. Assoc.a Literal Literal Literal Literal Literal
K.of Jordan (PostMod) Assoc. Person Literal Literal Literal Organ. Person
Iraqi militia (AdjMod) Assoc. Assoc.a Demon. Demon. Misc.
US Congress (Embed) Assoc. Organ. Organ. Organ. Organ. Organ. Organ.
Turkey (Metonymy) Assoc. Literal Literal Literal Literal Literal
City in Syria (Literal) Literal Literal Literal Literal Literal Literal Literal
Iraqi border (AdjMod) Literal Literal Demon. Demon. Misc.
Min.of Defense (Fac) Literal Organ. Organ. Organ. Organ. Organ. Organ.

A distinction is made only between a location and not-a-location since an associative label is unavailable. The table shows only a weak agreement between tagging schemes

aCan be derived from the API with a simple rule