TABLE 4.

Multivariable associations of perceived stress with 12-month presence of DSM-IV mental disorders in the WMH-ICS sample (n = 20,842).

	Major depressive disorder		Bipolar disorder		Generalized anxiety disorder		Panic disorder		Alcohol use disorder		Drug use disorder
	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)
Financial situation
Linear	1.1*	(1.1-1.2)	1.3*	(1.2-1.4)			1.2*	(1.1-1.3)	1.2*	(1.1-1.3)	1.2*	(1.1-1.4)
Low spline					1.3*	(1.2-1.3)
Own health
Linear					1.2*	(1.1-1.2)	1.5*	(1.4-1.6)
Love life
Linear			1.2*	(1.1-1.3)					1.3*	(1.3-1.4)
Low spline	1.5*	(1.4-1.6)			1.3*	(1.2-1.4)	1.2*	(1.1-1.3)			1.4*	(1.2-1.5)
Relationships with family
Any	1.4*	(1.2-1.6)	1.7*	(1.3-2.2)
Linear					1.1*	(1.0-1.1)					1.2*	(1.1-1.4)
Low spline	1.1*	(1.0-1.2)	1.2*	(1.1-1.4)
Relationships at work/school
Linear	1.2*	(1.1-1.3)	1.2*	(1.1-1.3)	1.3*	(1.2-1.3)
Problems of loved ones
Low spline					1.2*	(1.1-1.3)
All stresses F	187.3*		84.8*		213.3*		71.1*		114.9*		44.3*

WMH-ICS, World Mental Health International College Student Initiative; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. *Significant at the 0.05-level, using MI-adjusted tests. ¹All models based on weighted data controlling for the socio-demographic variables in Supplementary Table 3. Any = 0–1 dichotomy coded 0 for respondents who reported no stress in the life area and coded 1 for respondents who reported mild, moderate, severe, or very severe stress in the life area; Linear = 0–4 variable for respondents who reported no stress (0), mild (1), moderate (2), severe (3), or very severe (4) stress in the life area; Low spline = 1–4 variable for respondents who reported no stress (1), mild (1), moderate (2), severe (3), or very severe (4) stress in the life area.