Table 1. General characteristics and distribution of study participants according to impaired fasting glucose (n = 2,168).
| Variables | Total (n = 2,168) | Impaired fasting glucose | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men (n = 796) | Women (n = 1,372) | |||||||
| No (n = 551) | Yes (n = 245) | p-value | No (n = 1,091) | Yes (n = 281) | p-value | |||
| Age (years) | < 0.001a | < 0.001a | ||||||
| < 30 | 417 | 166 (96.5) | 6 (3.5) | 234 (95.5) | 11 (4.5) | |||
| 30–39 | 330 | 105 (84.9) | 23 (15.1) | 177 (87.9) | 25 (12.4) | |||
| 40–49 | 419 | 74 (64.6) | 45 (35.4) | 241 (81.3) | 59 (18.7) | |||
| 50–59 | 466 | 77 (54.9) | 62 (45.1) | 252 (77.2) | 75 (2.8) | |||
| ≥ 60 | 536 | 129 (52.1) | 109 (47.9) | 187 (64.1) | 111 (35.9) | |||
| Education | < 0.001a | < 0.001a | ||||||
| ≤ Elementary school | 357 | 56 (49.8) | 46 (50.2) | 160 (64.8) | 95 (35.2) | |||
| Middle school | 254 | 61 (59.0) | 44 (41.0) | 106 (74.6) | 43 (25.4) | |||
| High school | 859 | 244 (77.5) | 95 (22.5) | 437 (84.1) | 83 (15.9) | |||
| ≥ College | 697 | 190 (80.6) | 60 (19.4) | 388 (89.0) | 59 (11.0) | |||
| Income (month) | 0.163 | < 0.05 | ||||||
| < 1 million won | 238 | 57 (83.3) | 16 (16.7) | 111 (72.8) | 54 (27.2) | |||
| 100–200 | 353 | 96 (67.4) | 53 (32.6) | 149 (75.7) | 55 (24.3) | |||
| 200–300 | 318 | 91 (73.0) | 47 (27.0) | 143 (82.0) | 37 (18.0) | |||
| ≥ 3 million won | 1,259 | 307 (74.8) | 129 (25.2) | 688 (85.1) | 135 (14.9) | |||
| BMI | 0.71 | < 0.001a | ||||||
| < 25 | 1,525 | 376 (76.4) | 141 (23.6) | 848 (86.2) | 160 (13.8) | |||
| ≥ 25 | 642 | 175 (69.6) | 104 (30.4) | 243 (70.4) | 120 (29.6) | |||
| HTN | < 0.001a | < 0.001a | ||||||
| Yes | 517 | 124 (53.9) | 115 (46.1) | 175 (67.4) | 103 (32.6) | |||
| No | 1,650 | 427 (81.0) | 130 (19.0) | 915 (85.2) | 178 (14.8) | |||
| Hypercholesterolemia | 0.84 | < 0.001a | ||||||
| Yes | 395 | 80 (66.3) | 47 (33.7) | 191 (71.9) | 77 (28.1) | |||
| No | 1,773 | 471 (75.2) | 198 (24.8) | 900 (84.4) | 204 (15.6) | |||
| Alcohol | 0.114 | 0.685 | ||||||
| ≤ Once a month | 1,155 | 200 (77.6) | 75 (22.4) | 694 (81.9) | 186 (18.1) | |||
| ≥ Twice a month | 1,008 | 351 (72.2) | 170 (27.8) | 393 (82.8) | 94 (17.2) | |||
| Smoking | 0.312 | 0.286 | ||||||
| Never-smoker or ex-smoker | 1,758 | 322 (72.5) | 161 (27.5) | 1,020 (82.6) | 255 (17.4) | |||
| Current smoker | 404 | 228 (76.0) | 84 (24.0) | 67 (78.3) | 25 (21.7) | |||
| Occupation | < 0.001a | < 0.001a | ||||||
| Non-physical | 1,242 | 268 (83.8) | 71 (16.2) | 756 (85.9) | 147 (14.1) | |||
| Physical | 923 | 283 (65.5) | 173 (34.5) | 333 (73.6) | 134 (26.4) | |||
| Working hour | 0.288 | 0.214 | ||||||
| ≤ 52 hours | 1,860 | 424 (75.1) | 183 (24.9) | 999 (82.7) | 254 (17.3) | |||
| > 52 hours | 307 | 127 (70.7) | 62 (29.3) | 91 (77.8) | 27 (22.2) | |||
| Working type | < 0.05a | 0.874 | ||||||
| Daytime work | 1,738 | 418 (71.5) | 210 (28.5) | 879 (82.1) | 231 (17.9) | |||
| Shift work | 427 | 133 (83.3) | 34 (16.7) | 210 (82.6) | 50 (17.4) | |||
BMI: body mass index, HTN: hypertension.
aCalculated by χ2 test.