TABLE 1.
Participant characteristics
| Controls | Patients | Contacts | |
| Subjects | 272 | 1524 | 3141 |
| Age years | 35 (24–54) | 31 (23–46) | 38 (24–52) |
| Male % (n) | 38 (102) | 65 (986) | 39 (1210) |
| Incomplete secondary education | 14 (37/271) | 16 (236/1516) | 20 (612/3132) |
| Known HIV seropositivity | 0 (0/272) | 6.2 (94/1513) | 0.8 (25/3132) |
| Self-declared drug use | 2.6 (7/272) | 14 (207/1512) | 3.1 (98/3136) |
| Low affect BDI-II score | 3 (0–5) | 6 (3–11) | NA |
| Number of emotional supports | 1 (1–2) | 2 (1–2) | NA |
| Unsafe neighbourhood | 44 (118/270) | 37 (557/1502) | NA |
| TB-specific | |||
| Currently has TB | 0 (0/272) | 100 (1524/1524) | 3.4 (105/3139) |
| Previously had TB | 4 (11/271) | 22 (336/1515) | 11 (355/3134) |
| TB knowledge correct answers % (IQR) | 72 (63–82) | 77 (73–86) | NA |
| Stigma regarding TB EMIC score | 30 (23–36) | 30 (22–35) | NA |
| Patient-specific | |||
| Pulmonary TB | NA | 84 (1278/1516) | NA |
| Second-line treatment | NA | 6.8 (104/1512) | NA |
| Microbiological confirmation of TB | NA | 65 (984/1510) | NA |
| Number of TB symptoms | NA | 7 (5–8) | NA |
| Duration of TB symptoms months | NA | 1.5 (1–3) | NA |
| Interviewed within 14 days of treatment initiation | NA | 86 (1298/1515) | NA |
Data are presented as n, median (interquartile range (IQR)) or % (n/N), unless otherwise stated. Denominators are only stated if different from the n number stated for each group. Bold type indicates p<0.05 versus the control group. There were only five variables with >1% missing data: low affect (patients: 37 out of 1524), number of emotional supports (controls: three out of 272; patients: 23 out of 1524), unsafe neighbourhood (patients: 22 out of 1524), tuberculosis (TB) knowledge (controls: five out of 272; patients 22 out of 1524) and stigma (controls: four out of 272; patients 30 out of 1524). BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; EMIC: Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue Stigma Questionnaire; NA: not asked.