Table 3.

Metabolic profile score T_pred association with mean dietary intake adjusted for age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI and study centre, the IMI DIRECT cohorts.

	Cohort I n = 403			Cohort II n = 458
	β a	95% CI	P value	β a	95% CI	P value
Fibre (NSP) per 1000 kcal	0.34	−0.07, 0.74	0.09	0.45	0.04, 0.85	0.03
Fruit/vegetables per 1000 kcal	11.85	−7.05, 30.75	0.22	23.22	5.11, 41.33	0.01
Wholegrains per 1000 kcal	3.36	0.31, 6.40	0.03	2.82	0.06, 5.57	0.04
Fish per 1000 kcal	9.17	3.98, 14.36	0.0006	12.17	7.23, 17.11	<0.0001
Carbohydrate %TEI	−0.65	−1.89, 0.58	0.31	−1.27	−2.47, −0.07	0.04
Protein %TEI	0.66	1.30, 0.02	0.04	1.51	0.87, 2.17	<0.0001
Fat %TEI	−0.11	−1.26, 1.05	0.86	−0.69	−1.77, 0.39	0.21
Saturated fat %TEI	−0.92	−1.56, −0.28	0.005	−0.98	−1.53, −0.42	0.0006
Added sugar %TEI	−0.39	−1.2, 0.42	0.35	−1.21	−1.98, −0.43	0.002
Mean kcal	−73.53	−144.71, −2.35	0.04	−122.51	−186.56, −38.46	0.003
HDI score	0.24	−0.07, 0.55	0.09	0.45	0.12, 0.76	0.006

Abbreviation: Cohort 1; participants with normal or impaired glucose regulation, cohort 2; participants with Diabetes type 2, NSP, non‐starch polysaccharides,%TEI, percentage of total energy intake, 95% CI, confidential interval, HDI, Healthy Diet Indicator. a, Generalised linear regression model coefficient represents the mean change in the nutritional variable for one unit change (increase) in T_pred score fully adjusted models.