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. 2020 Jul 28;23(4):286–296. doi: 10.1089/pop.2019.0128

Table 2.

Concurrent Opioids and Other Central Nervous System-Active Medications Provider Type Prescribers: Same Provider

Provider type prescriber Same provider %
Opioids & Benzodiazepines (N = 23,203) 60
 Family Medicine 38
 Internal Medicine 38
 Nurse Practitioner 6
 All others 19
Opioids & Gabapentinoids (N = 27,013) 62
 Family Medicine 30
 Internal Medicine 28
 Pain Medicine 11
 Nurse Practitioner 8
 Physician Assistant 5
 All others 19
Opioids & Non-Benzodiazepine Hypnotics (N = 14,303) 55
 Family Medicine 38
 Internal Medicine 37
 Nurse Practitioner 6
 All others 19
Opioids & Muscle Relaxants (N = 11,119) 68
 Family Medicine 26
 Internal Medicine 20
 Pain Medicine 16
 Nurse Practitioner 9
 Physician Assistant 8
 All others 20
Opioids & Antipsychotics (N = 2762) 43
 Family Medicine 38
 Internal Medicine 35
 Nurse Practitioner 8
 Geriatric Medicine 5
 All others 14

Notes: All others includes summed total of all other provider types individually less than 5% of prescriptions.