Table 3.
Concurrent Opioids and Other Central Nervous System-Active Medications Provider Type Prescribers: Different Providers
| Provider type prescribers | Different provider % | Provider type prescribers | Different provider % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Opioids (N = 15,447) | 40 | Benzodiazepines | 40 |
| Pain Medicine | 22 | Internal Medicine | 29 |
| Family Medicine | 12 | Family Medicine | 27 |
| Internal Medicine | 12 | Psychiatry | 18 |
| Nurse Practitioner | 10 | Nurse Practitioner | 7 |
| Physician Assistant | 9 | All others | 19 |
| Orthopedic Surgery | 7 | ||
| Physical Medicine & Rehab | 6 | ||
| Rheumatology | 6 | ||
| All others | 17 | ||
| Opioids (N = 16,631) | 38 | Gabapentinoids | 38 |
| Pain Medicine | 18 | Internal Medicine | 22 |
| Family Medicine | 16 | Family Medicine | 21 |
| Internal Medicine | 16 | Nurse Practitioner | 12 |
| Nurse Practitioner | 11 | Neurology | 11 |
| Physician Assistant | 9 | Physician Assistant | 7 |
| Orthopedic Surgery | 6 | Pain Medicine | 5 |
| All others | 25 | All others | 22 |
| Opioids (N = 11,566) | 45 | Non-Benzodiazepine Hypnotics | 45 |
| Pain Medicine | 22 | Internal Medicine | 31 |
| Family Medicine | 11 | Family Medicine | 29 |
| Internal Medicine | 11 | Psychiatry | 14 |
| Nurse Practitioner | 10 | Nurse Practitioner | 8 |
| Physician Assistant | 9 | All others | 18 |
| Orthopedic Surgery | 8 | ||
| Physical Medicine & Rehab | 6 | ||
| Rheumatology | 6 | ||
| All others | 16 | ||
| Opioids (N = 5304) | 32 | Muscle Relaxants | 32 |
| Pain Medicine | 22 | Family Medicine | 21 |
| Family Medicine | 17 | Internal Medicine | 18 |
| Internal Medicine | 14 | Nurse Practitioner | 17 |
| Nurse Practitioner | 11 | Physician Assistant | 10 |
| Physician Assistant | 8 | Neurology | 9 |
| Orthopedic Surgery | 5 | Pain Medicine | 6 |
| All others | 24 | Rheumatology | 5 |
| All others | 14 | ||
| Opioids (N = 3668) | 57 | Antipsychotics | 57 |
| Internal Medicine | 18 | Psychiatry | 45 |
| Pain Medicine | 17 | Internal Medicine | 16 |
| Family Medicine | 16 | Family Medicine | 14 |
| Nurse Practitioner | 14 | Nurse Practitioner | 7 |
| Physician Assistant | 7 | Neurology | 6 |
| All others | 28 | All others | 12 |
Notes: All others includes summed total of all other provider types individually less than 5% of prescriptions.