Table 1.

Comparison of model implementation of US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations and risk scenarios from the California Tuberculosis Risk Assessment Tool^a

Characteristics	Baseline	USPSTF Recommendations	California Tuberculosis Risk Assessment Tool
General population	2% probability of testing per year	2% probability of testing per year	2% probability of testing per year
Non–US-born persons	Not applicable	Tested once	Tested once
Health care workers	Annual testing	Annual testing	Annual testing
Contacts of tuberculosis case	Tested once, at time of contact investigation	Tested once, at time of contact investigation	Tested once, at time of contact investigation
Immunosuppressedb
HIV positive	Tested once	Tested once	Tested once
TNF-α inhibitor use	85% tested once	85% tested once	Tested once
Transplant recipient	Tested once	Tested once	Tested once
Current residents of HRCSs
Long-term care facilities	Tested on admission	Tested annually	Tested on admission
Homeless shelters	Not applicable	Tested annually	Not applicable
Correctional facilities	Tested on admission	Tested annually	Tested on admission
Former residents of HRCSs
Long-term care facilities	Not testedc	Tested once	Not testedc
Homeless shelters	Not testedc	Tested once	Not testedc
Correctional facilities	Not testedc	Tested once	Not testedc

Abbreviations: HRCS, high-risk congregate setting; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

^aModeled scenarios varied by the key populations prioritized for targeted tuberculosis testing and treatment and frequency of testing. Data sources: California Department of Public Health⁹ and USPSTF.¹²

^bPersons with HIV undergo testing at the time of antiretroviral therapy initiation, which is used as a proxy for time of diagnosis. Persons who use TNF-α antagonists and recipients of solid-organ or bone marrow transplants undergo testing before initiation of immunosuppressive therapy or transplantation.

^cNot tested refers to persons in this population not being tested an additional time in the model based on lack of a recommendation to do so in current guidelines or practice.