Table 2.

Salivary metabolites with different concentrations (μmol/L; mean ± SD) before (T₀) and after (T₁) exercise.

Molecule	T0	T1	p	Trend *
4-Aminobutyrate	30.09 ± 15.39	10.87 ± 16.55	4.35 × 10−3	↓
Betaine	143.58 ± 86.06	67.19 ± 52.51	1.23 × 10−2	↓
Creatine	36.68 ± 19.11	62.11 ± 26.59	1.28 × 10−2	↑
Fumarate	94.70 ± 58.46	23.20 ± 29.32	8.35 × 10−4	↓
Galactose	21.68 ± 10.18	12.55 ± 12.66	1.98 × 10−2	↓
Malate	550.72 ± 395.87	138.69 ± 166.50	2.11 × 10−3	↓
Malonate	193.93 ± 107.17	46.84 ± 35.06	5.10 × 10−4	↓
Methanol	131.26 ± 73.70	73.05 ± 50.01	5.07 × 10−3	↓
Ornithine	22.36 ± 12.53	46.91 ± 21.66	3.24 × 10−3	↑
Phenylalanine	28.22 ± 11.81	53.82 ± 23.36	6.10 × 10−3	↑
Pyruvate	70.77 ± 32.43	49.34 ± 24.69	7.41 × 10−2	↓
Sarcosine	2.65 ± 1.64	4.48 ± 2.94	2.48 × 10−2	↑
Succinate	210.91 ± 78.35	120.47 ± 80.66	3.59 × 10−2	↓
Tyrosine	33.32 ± 18.13	66.07 ± 46.48	3.29 × 10−2	↑

* Increasing (↑) or decreasing (↓) trends from T₀ to T₁.