Table 6.
Major natural compounds, methodologies applied to determine the antioxidant activity, and the investigated applications of Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiaceae) EOs.
| Plant Organ | Major Compounds (%) | Antioxidant Activity Assay | Investigated Properties | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| leaves | eucalyptol (15.2%), c amphor (15.1%), and β-pinene (11.0%) |
DPPH | Demonstrated the usefulness of the simplex-lattice mixture design method to optimize the antioxidant profile of an EO mixture (basil, marjoram, and rosemary). | [126] |
| leaves | α-pinene (14.69–20.81%), eucalyptol (5.63–26.89%), and camphor (4.02–24.82%) |
DPPH | Reported the antioxidant, antibacterial and chemical composition of rosemary EO extracted from plants collected in different regions. | [48] |
| aerial parts | eucalyptol (23.67%), camphor (18.74%), and borneol (15.46%) |
DPPH FRAP |
Evaluated the chemical composition, antileishmanial, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of rosemary EO. | [189] |
| Leaves | γ-cadinene (29.93%), camphor (14.76–28.42%), and eucalyptol (10.60–15.36%) |
ABTS | Used three different extraction methods (hydrodistillation, steam distillation, and supercritical CO2) and evaluated their chemical profile and antioxidant activity. | [190] |
| Leaves | eucalyptol (35.15–50.28%), camphor (12.71–13.08%), α-pinene (5.60–13.92%), borneol (7.42–9.81%), and α-terpineol (1.76–15.40%) |
DPPH | Described a method of rapeseed oil aromatization with rosemary. The EO aromatized was evaluated about the chemical composition and antioxidant activity. | [5] |
| Leaves | eucalyptol (11.33–37.29%), camphor (8.81–40.35%), and α-pinene (2.60–28.68%), |
DPPH | Evaluated the antioxidant activity of rosemary EO fractions obtained by molecular distillation and their effect on oxidative stability of sunflower oil. | [188] |
| aerial parts | camphor (14.80–42.50%), eucalyptol (8.00–26.40%), α-pinene (4.10–13.20%), and myrcene (1.00–30.30%) |
DPPH FRAP |
Extracted the EO from several cultivars of rosemary and evaluated their antioxidant activity. | [178] |
| aerial part | eucalyptol (35.32%), (E)-caryophyllene (14.47%), borneol (9.37%), camphor (8.97%), α-pinene (7.90%), and α-thujone (6.42%) |
DPPH CAT SOD |
Evaluated the potential of rosemary EO as anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-hyperglycemic, and antioxidant. | [191] |
| Leaves | eucalyptol (42.86–46.76%), camphor (16.26–23.42%), α-pinene (6.37–9.19%), camphene (2.27–4.37%), and borneol (4.00–4.33%) |
DPPH FRAP TBARS |
Compared the chemical profile and antioxidant activity of the EOs of R. officinalis collected from China and Iran regions. | [192] |