Table 1.

Characteristics of participants in the included studies.

Study name, publication year	Sample size	Participant characteristics			Study duration (weeks)
		Health status	Mean age (years)	Proportion
Ashe, 2016 [20]	25	Healthy participants	40.1	Women: 100%	26
Buis, 2017 [21]	40	Healthy overweight adults	61.5	Women: 66%; white ethnicity: 66%	12
Cadmus-Bertram, 2015 [22]	51	Healthy and overweight participants	60.0	White ethnicity: 92%	16
Godino, 2013 [23]	466	Healthy participants	47.7	Women: 46%; white ethnicity: 96%	8
Hurling, 2007 [24]	77	Healthy participants	40.3	Women: 66%; white ethnicity: 99%	9
Jakicic, 2016 [25]	471	Healthy overweight adults	30.9	Women: 71%; white ethnicity: 77%	104
Martin, 2015 [26]	49	Healthy overweight adults	58.0	Women: 46%; white ethnicity: 79%	5
Melton, 2016 [27]	69	Healthy participants	19.7	Women: 100%; black ethnicity: 100%	6
Poirier, 2007 [28]	264	Healthy participants	39.9	Women: 66%; white ethnicity: 77%	7
Shrestha, 2013 [29]	28	Healthy overweight adults	32.1	Women: 54%	26
Thompson, 2014 [30]	49	Healthy participants	79.1	Women: 91%; white ethnicity: 66%	26
Thorndike, 2014 [31]	104	Healthy participants	29.0	Women: 54%	12