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. 2020 Jul 2;10(7):993. doi: 10.3390/biom10070993

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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NAD⁺ regulating axon regeneration. (A) Axon regeneration in mechanosensory neurons is increased in nmat-2 and qns-1 mutants, and axon regeneration in GABA motor neurons is increased in parp-1 and parp-2 mutants. Thus, these genes play an inhibitory role in axon regeneration. (B) Speculation of the relationship between NAD⁺ levels and the PARP–PARG pathway in inhibiting axon regeneration. By utilizing NAD⁺, PARP proteins synthesize long chains of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) on target protein X that may inhibit axon regeneration.