Table 1.
Basic monomers, dispersion preparation methods and applications of PU/ZnO composite.
| Application | Composite Dispersion | Preparation Process of Application | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic Monomers | Preparation | |||
| Coating | Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Solution casting | [31,34,36,37,51,91] |
| Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Dip coating | [33,60,92] | |
| Acrylic PU, commercial grade | Blending | Meyer rod | [76] | |
| Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Spray | [40,46,61,79] | |
| Polyol, diisocyanate | In situ polymerization | Solution casting using square shaped applicator | [35] | |
| Polyol, diisocyanate | In situ polymerization | Spin coating | [43] | |
| Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Spin coating | [54,77,85] | |
| Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Electro coating | [53,87] | |
| Polyol, diisocyanate, pendant acid, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate | Blending | Automatic applicator | [78] | |
| Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Spiral applicator | [86] | |
| Polyol, diisocyanate, pendant acid, triethylamine, ethylene diamine | Blending | Solution casting | [90] | |
| Membranes | Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Solution casting | [56,75] |
| Polyol, pendant acid, diisocyanate, butane diol (as a chain extender) | In situ polymerization | Precipitation process using warm distilled water | [65,66] | |
| Foam | Polyol, diisocyanate | In situ polymerization | Water blown in an open mold | [38] |
| Polyol, diisocyanate, butane diol | Blending | Freeze-extraction | [68] | |
| Scaffold | Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Electrospinning | [49] |
| Hydrogel | Polyol, diisocyanate | In situ polymerization | Dipping | [67] |
| Film | Polyol, pendant acid, diisocyanate, tertiary amine (as a base), diamine (as a chain extender) | In situ polymerization | Solvent evaporation | [32,52,55,88] |
| Polyol, diisocyanate, butanediol | In situ polymerization | Solution casting using a ruler | [80] | |
| Polyol, pendant acid, diisocyanate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate pentaerythritol triacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 4-methoxyphenol | In situ polymerization | Solvent evaporation | [71] | |
| Polyol, diisocyanate, methylene-bis-ortho-chloroaniline | In situ polymerization | Hot press | [63,70] | |
| Diisocyanate, N, N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)isonicotinamide | In situ polymerization | Heat treated at muffle furnace | [82] | |
| Polyol, diisocyanate | Blending | Solution casting | [64,74] | |
| Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | High volume low pressure (HVLP) | [69] | |
| Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Solution casting | [39,41,47,72,73] | |
| Commercial grade, polyol diisocyanate, diamine | Solution blending | Solution casting | [50] | |
| Polyester PU, commercial grade | Blending | Spin coating method, solution casting | [44] | |
| Not mentioned, commercial grade | Melt processing | Compression moulding | [48] | |
| Not mentioned, commercial grade | Solution blending | Drawdown | [59] | |
| Optical biosensor | Not mentioned, commercial grade | Spread over base PU | ZnO dried on polymerized PU | [45] |
| Nanofiber | Not mentioned, commercial grade | Blending | Electrospinning | [57,89,93] |
| Thermal pad | Polyol, diisocyanate, furfuryl alcohol, bismaleimide | ZnO/stainless steel (SS) mesh and PU prepared separately; PU solution poured on ZnO/stainless steel (SS) mesh | Solvent evaporation | [58] |
| Flat Sheet | Not mentioned, commercial grade | PU sheet was immersed in ZnO solution | Dipping process | [62] |