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. 2020 Jul 14;12(7):661. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070661

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Adherence, uptake, and permeation following application of 100 µM TAMRA-NR2B9c, TAMRA-Tat, TAMRA-Tat-NR2B9c, or TAMRA-Tat-N-dimer to the in vitro BBB model for 3 h. (A) Following cell fixation, peptide uptake into the endothelial cells and astrocytes was inspected via TAMRA fluorescence using confocal microscopy with co-staining of ZO-1 and β-actin, respectively. Maximal z-stack projections, scale bar: 10 µm. (B) The total peptide adhering to the cell surface, taken up by the cells, and transported across the barrier was quantified. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (N = 2–3, n = 3). * p < 0.05, **** p < 0.0001 compared to TAMRA-NR2B9c (one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test for TAMRA-Tat-NR2B9c and TAMRA-Tat-N-dimer, and paired t-test for TAMRA-Tat).