Table 1.
Summary of prominent markers, pattern recognition receptors and co-regulatory molecules expressed by cDC1 and cDC2 in mice and men.
Subpopulation | Species | Marker | Level of Detection | Literature |
cDC1 | Mouse | CD8α (splenic, resident cDC1) | Protein; RNA | [80,86] |
CD1d | Protein | [86] | ||
CD207; Langerin | Protein; RNA | [35,37,80,82] | ||
CD24 | Protein | [30,35,82] | ||
CD103+CD11b- migratory cDC1 | Protein | [35,42] | ||
Shared | XCR1 | Protein; RNA | [30,33,42,82,86,87,88,89] | |
CADM1; TSLC1; NECL-2; IGSF4; SynCAM1; | Protein; RNA | [30,31,33,42,82,86,87,88,89] | ||
CLEC9A; DNGR-1; CD370 | Protein; RNA | [24,28,29,31,33,41,42,46,80,82,87,89,90,91] | ||
BTLA | Protein; RNA | [30,40,42,86,90] | ||
CD26 | Protein | [29,30,90] | ||
Sirpα; CD172a negative | Protein | [28,30,92] | ||
CD11c (human cDC1int) | Protein | [28,30,31,42,80,86,88] | ||
MHC-II; HLA-DR | Protein | [28,29,30,42,86] | ||
Human | CD141; BDCA-3 | Protein | [28,31,34,82,87,90,92] | |
CD103+Sirpα- migratory cDC1 | Protein | [42] | ||
cDC2 | Mouse | CD4 (lymphoid tissue) | Protein; RNA | [80,93] |
DCIR2 (lymphoid tissue) | Protein; RNA | [55] | ||
CD103+CD11b+ gut migratory cDC2 | Protein | [42] | ||
Shared | Sirpα; CD172a | Protein | [28,29,30,31,35,42,80,82,86,88,92] | |
XCR1 negative | Protein | [30] | ||
CD11b | Protein; RNA | [28,30,42,80,88] | ||
CD11c | Protein; RNA | [28,30,31,42,80,86,88] | ||
MHC-II; HLA-DR | Protein | [28,29,30,42,86] | ||
Human | CD1c; BDCA-1 | Protein; RNA | [28,31,34,80,90,91,92] | |
CD1a (skin) | Protein | [28,94] | ||
CLEC10A | Protein; RNA | [33,45] | ||
CD163 | Protein | [90,92] | ||
CD1d | Protein; RNA | [33,90] | ||
FcεRIα | Protein; RNA | [33,80,90] | ||
CD103+Sirpα+ gut migratory cDC2 | Protein | [42] | ||
Subpopulation | Species | TLRs | Level of Detection | Literature |
cDC1 | Mouse | TLR2 | Protein | [86] |
TLR4; CD284 | RNA | [80,89] | ||
TLR11 | RNA | [24,46,80,89] | ||
TLR12 | RNA | [24,46,80,86,88,95] | ||
TLR13 | Protein; RNA | [24,46,80,88] | ||
CD180; RP105 | Protein | [86] | ||
Shared | TLR3 | Protein; RNA | [42,80,87,88,89,92,96,97] | |
TLR9 | Protein; RNA | [24,46,88,89,98] | ||
Human | TLR6 | RNA | [89] | |
TLR10; CD290 | Protein | [90] | ||
cDC2 | Mouse | TLR9 | Protein; RNA | [24,46,80,88,98] |
TLR13 | Protein; RNA | [24,46,88] | ||
Shared | TLR1 | Protein; RNA | [80,86,89] | |
TLR2; CD282 | Protein; RNA | [31,80,86,89,92] | ||
TLR4; CD284 | RNA | [80,89] | ||
TLR5 | RNA | [80,89,96,98] | ||
TLR6 | Protein; RNA | [80,86,89] | ||
TLR7 | Protein; RNA | [24,46,80,88,89,91] | ||
TLR8 | Protein; RNA | [80,89,91,92] | ||
CD180; RP105 | Protein | [86,90,92] | ||
Human | - | - | - | |
Subpopulation | Species | CLRs | Level of Detection | Literature |
cDC1 | Mouse | CD207; Langerin | Protein | [35,86] |
CLEC2D | Protein | [86] | ||
CLEC4A; DCIR; CD367 | RNA | [42] | ||
Shared | DEC205; CD205; Ly75 | Protein; RNA | [24,31,35,42,46,55,82,86,88,90] | |
CLEC1A | RNA | [42] | ||
CLEC9A; DNGR-1; CD370 | Protein; RNA | [24,28,29,31,33,41,42,46,82,87,89,91] | ||
CLEC12A; MICL; KLRL1; CLL1 | Protein; RNA | [24,46,86,99] | ||
Human | CD206; MMR (skin) | Protein | [28] | |
Dectin-1; CLEC7A; CLECSF12; CD369 | Protein | [28] | ||
cDC2 | Mouse | Dectin-2; CLEC6A; CLEC4N; CLECSF10 | Protein; RNA | [55,88] |
CLEC4a2; DCIR1; CLECSF6 | RNA | [55,80,96] | ||
CLEC4a3; DCIR3 | RNA | [55] | ||
CLEC4a4; DCIR2 | Protein; RNA | [24,46,55,86,88] | ||
DCAR | RNA | [55] | ||
Shared | CLEC4A; DCIR; CD367 (subtype not defined) | Protein; RNA | [33,42,80,86,96] | |
Dectin-1; CLEC7A; CLECSF12; CD369 | Protein; RNA | [28,55,86] | ||
CLEC12A | Protein | [80,100] | ||
CLEC13A; CD302 | RNA | [96] | ||
CD209 (human gut); CD209a (mouse); DC-SIGN | Protein; RNA | [24,42,46,55,80,89,91] | ||
Human | CD206; MMR (skin) | Protein | [28,42,90] | |
CD207; Langerin | Protein; RNA | [42,91,94] | ||
CLEC5A (thymic cDC2) | RNA | [31] | ||
CLEC10A | Protein; RNA | [31,33,42,45,89] | ||
CLEC11A; CLECSF3 (CD5 low cDC2) | RNA | [91] | ||
CLEC17A (CD5 high cDC2) | RNA | [91] | ||
Subpopulation | Species | FcγRs | Level of Detection | Literature |
cDC1 | Mouse | FcγRIII; CD16 | Protein; RNA | [56,80,96] |
FcγRIV; CD16.2 | Protein | [56] | ||
Shared | FcγRI; CD64 | Protein; RNA | [30,42,56] | |
FcγRIIB; CD32b | Protein; RNA | [56,80,86,101] | ||
Human | FcγRIIA; CD32 | RNA | [102] | |
cDC2 | Mouse | FcγRIV; CD16.2 | Protein | [56] |
FcγRI; CD64 negative | Protein; RNA | [30,56,80] | ||
Shared | FcγRIIB; CD32b | Protein; RNA | [33,42,56,80,86,89,102] | |
FcγRIII; CD16; human FcγRIIIA | Protein; RNA | [80,101,102] | ||
Human | FcγRI; CD64 | Protein; RNA | [89,101] | |
FcγRIIA; CD32 | Protein; RNA | [28,31,96,101,102] | ||
Subpopulation | Species | Intracellular Sensors | Level of Detection | Literature |
cDC1 | Mouse | NLRP3; NALP3; Cryopyrin | Protein | [88] |
Shared | ||||
Human | NLRC5 | RNA | [42] | |
Caspase-1 low | RNA | [92] | ||
AIM2 | RNA | [92] | ||
PYCARD | RNA | [92] | ||
cDC2 | Mouse | NOD-1; NLRC1 | Protein; RNA | [24,46,88] |
CARD9 | Protein | [88] | ||
STING | Protein | [88] | ||
MDA5 | Protein | [88] | ||
RIG-I | Protein | [88] | ||
NLRC4 | RNA | [24,46] | ||
Shared | NLRP3; NALP3; Cryopyrin | Protein; RNA | [33,42,88,92] | |
Caspase-1 high | Protein; RNA | [42,88,92] | ||
Human | Caspase-8 | RNA | [92] | |
NAIP | RNA | [92] | ||
NLRC4 | RNA | [92] | ||
NLRP1 | RNA | [92] | ||
PYCARD | RNA | [92] | ||
Subpopulation | Species | Co-Regulatory Molecules | Level of Detection | Literature |
cDC1 | Mouse | - | - | - |
Shared | CD80 | Protein | [30,42,55,82,87] | |
CD86 | Protein; RNA | [31,33,42,55,80,82,87,89,96] | ||
CD40 | Protein; RNA | [30,42,55,89] | ||
PD-L1; CD274 | Protein | [28,30,82,87,89] | ||
Human | IDO-1 | Protein; RNA | [31,33,42,80,89,92] | |
IDO-2 | RNA | [42] | ||
cDC2 | Mouse | - | - | - |
Shared | CD80 | Protein | [30,42,55,82,87] | |
CD86 | Protein; RNA | [30,31,33,42,55,82,87,96] | ||
CD40 | Protein | [30,42,55,89] | ||
PD-L1; CD274 | Protein | [30,80,82,87,89] | ||
Human | ICOS-L | RNA | [28] | |
Subpopulation | Species | Other Interesting Molecules | Level of Detection | Literature |
cDC1 | Mouse | CD36 (Scavenger receptor) | Protein | [86,88] |
Shared | CD135; FLT3 | Protein; RNA | [28,80,91] | |
Human | TIM-3 | Protein | [90] | |
cDC2 | Mouse | Clec12A (marker for cDC2B) | Protein | [80] |
Clec10A (marker for cDC2B) | Protein | [80] | ||
ESAM (marker for cDC2A or Notch2-dependent cDC2) | Protein | [66,68,80] | ||
Shared | CD135; FLT3 | Protein; RNA | [28,80,91] | |
Human | CD36 (marker for DC3; DC2 negative) | RNA | [31,33] | |
CD163 (marker for DC3; DC2 negative) | Protein; RNA | [28,33] | ||
CD5 (marker for DC2; DC3 negative) | Protein; RNA | [90,91] | ||
CD200R (downregulating DC activity) | Protein | [90] |