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Overview of fabrication of Au nanospiral structures with cryogenic glancing angle deposition. (a) The PDMS nanodot templates are irradiated with Au vapor from 85°, the dots shadow each other, and Au is deposited at the tips of the dots. (b–d) Since the substrate is at an extremely low temperature, the Au solidifies instantaneously, and when the stage is rotated, a three-dimensional helical structure is formed.
