Figure 12.
Immunobiotic mediated regulation of adipocyte differentiation in an immune cell-adipocyte co-culture model. The mRNA expressions of PPARγ and GLUT4 resulted from various immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) stimulation into the co-culture model. A total of 1 × 106 immune cells/well of 6-well plate were cultured on adipocytes 4-days differentiated. LAB samples (5 × 108 cells/well) also added into the adipocyte plate and maintained for further 2 or 4 Days. All data shown are the average ±SD of 3 independent experiments performed in triplicate. The asterisk (*) indicated statistical differences when compared with control at the significance level of p < 0.05. TMC3108, Bifidobacterium bifidum TMC3108; LGG, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG; LA-2, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LA-2; TMC0409, Lactobacillus paracasei TMC0409.