Table 6.
Protein-based glycan nanobiosensors and their characteristics.
| Carbohydrate | Immobilization | Interface | Transducer | Analyte | LOD | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mannose | squaric acid conjugation | gold + BSA | optical (SPR) | Con A | 1.8 nM | [133,135] |
| Tn antigen | amide-coupling reaction | polycrystalline Au electrode | electrochemical (EIS) | GOD3-2C4 antibody | 270 aM | [134] |
| polycrystalline Au electrode + HSA | 1.4 aM | |||||
| 40 glycan epitopes based on N-acetyllactosamine | squaric acid conjugation | BSA | microtiter plate | bacterial enterotoxins toxin A and B of C. difficile | down to nM | [137] |