Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
DNA repair pathways and implications in cell biology. DNA damage in the G1/S checkpoint is repaired by non-homologous end-joining repair (NHEJ), base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide excision repair (NER). In the S phase checkpoint, DNA damage is repaired by mismatch repair (MMR), homologous recombination (HR), NHEJ, BER. G2/M checkpoint DNA damage repair pathways are NHEJ, BER, HR. [29,30,31,32].
