Table 2.
Preclinical studies on Substances that prevent oxidative stress in preterm.
| Substances under Study | α1-Microglobulin | Caffeine | Ankaferd Blood Stopper® |
|---|---|---|---|
| Preclinical trials | The heme and A1M confers early protection of the immature brain following preterm intraventricular hemorrhage J Neuroinflammation | Antioxidative effects of caffeine in a hyperoxia-based rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia | Therapeutic and preventative effects of ankaferd blood stopper in an experimental necrotizing enterocolitis model |
| Authors | Olga Romantsik, et al. [27] | Stefanie Endesfelder, et al. [26] | Mehmet Buyuktiryaki, et al. [28] |
| Year of publication | 2019 | 2019 | 2019 |
| Cavy (animal) | Rabbits pups | Rats pups | Rats pups |
| Molecule | Protein | Methylxanthine | Protein |
| Mechanisms of action | -Heme binding -Reductase activity -Radical scavenging -Binding to mitochondria |
-Reduced oxidative DNA damage -Protective interference with the oxidative stress response -Antagonism of adenosine receptors -Full blocking of hyperoxia-induced oxidative |
-Significantly reduced apoptosis -Reduction intestinal lesion -Antioxidant, antinflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties |
| Distribution | Periventricular cerebellar regions with high plasticity (white matter, subventricular zone, corpus callosum, corona radiata, thalamocortical projection) | Pulmonary | Intestinal |
| Administration | Intracerebroventricular | Intravenous | Intraperitoneal |
| Posology | 25 μL | 10 mg/kg every 48 h beginning on the day of birth | 2 mL/kg by diluting 2 mL with saline at a ratio of 1:3 |
| Protective role | neuroprotective against brain damage following preterm IVH | BPD | NEC |
Radical scavenger α1-microglobulin (A1M); bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD); necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).