Table 3.
RRMM patients treated with novel agents: latest selected studies with MRD analysis.
| Reference | MRD Technique (Sensitivity) |
Study Population and Treatment | Time Point Assessment | MRD Rate | Outcome (mo) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bahlis N. et al. 2018 [72] | NGS (10−5) | RRMM pts (N = 569) Dara-Rd vs. Rd |
Longitudinal | 30% vs. 5% | Median PFS, MRD neg: NR vs. 42; MRD pos: 30 vs. 16 |
| Spencer A. et al. 2018 [74] | NGS (10−5) | RRMM pts (N = 498) Dara-Vd vs. Vd |
Longitudinal | 12% vs. 2% | Median PFS, MRD neg: NR vs. NR; MRD pos: NR vs. 16 |
| Richardson P.G. et al. 2019 [71] | NGS (10−5) | RRMM pts (N = 307) Isa-Pd vs. Pd |
Longitudinal | 5% vs. 0% | NA |
| Usmani S. et al. 2019 [75] | NGS (10−5) | RRMM pts (N = 466) Dara-Kd vs. Kd |
At 12 mo in pts in CR | 13% vs. 1% | NA |
| Topp M.S. et. al. 2020 [76] | MFC (10−4) | RRMM pts (N = 42) AMG420 |
In ≥CR | 50% of pts who received the MTD | NA |
| Raje N. et al. 2019 [73] | NGS (10−4) NGS (10−5) NGS (10−6) |
RRMM pts (N = 33) Anti-BCMA CAR T bb2121 |
Post 1–3 mo after CAR T cell infusion | NGS (10−4): 100%; NGS (10−5): 94%; NGS (10−6): 19% |
NA |
| Wang B.-Y. et al. 2019 [77] | MFC, 8 colors | RRMM pts (N = 5) | Longitudinal | 68% | NA |
| Madduri D. et al. 2019 [78] | NGS (10−4) NGS (10−5) NGS (10−6) |
RRMM pts (N = 29) Anti-BCMA CAR T JNJ-4528 |
Day +28 | NGS (10−4): 18%; NGS (10−5): 29%; NGS (10−6): 53% |
NA |
Abbreviations. RRMM, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma; MRD, minimal residual disease; NGS, next-generation sequencing; MFC, multiparameter flow cytometry; N, number; Dara, daratumumab; R, lenalidomide; d, dexamethasone; V, bortezomib; Isa, isatuximab; P, pomalidomide; K, carfilzomib; CR, complete response; pts, patients; MTD, maximum tolerated dose; PFS, progression-free survival; neg, negative; pos, positive; NR, not reached; NA, not available; mo, months.