Table 1.
Characteristics of participants by race/ethnicity.
| Characteristics | South Asian | White | African American | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 530 | 858 | 574 | |
| Men (%) | 53.8 | 40.8 | 35.9 | <0.01 |
| Age (years) | 48.2 (12.3) | 50.5 (10.5) | 48.1 (9.4) | <0.01* |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 131.1 (19.4) | 119.6 (15.9) | 124.4 (18.4) | <0.01*† |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 77.8 (13.5) | 76.3 (10.5) | 79.2 (11.7) | <0.01* |
| Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) | 95.6 (14.0) | 90.8 (11.4) | 94.2 (13.1) | <0.01* |
| Hypertension (%) | 14.7 | 31.2 | 45.8 | <0.01 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.9 (2.2) | 5.1 (1.0) | 5.2 (1.5) | <0.01*† |
| Diabetes (%) | 20.0 | 7.9 | 16.2 | <0.01 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 (0.9) | 5.1 (1.0) | 5.1 (1.0) | <0.01*† |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.8 (0.7) | 2.9 (0.8) | 3.0 (0.9) | <0.01*† |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.3 (0.3) | 1.6 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.4) | <0.01*† |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L)¶ | 13.8 (1.3) | 11.6 (1.2) | 10.1 (1.0) | <0.01*† |
| Current Smoking (%) | 7.9 | 7.7 | 20.3 | <0.01 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.9 (0.6) | <0.01† |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.0 (4.7) | 27.5 (5.8) | 31.2 (8.1) | <0.01*† |
| Obesity (%) | 18.0 | 26.4 | 49.0 | <0.01 |
| Height (m) | 1.6 (0.1) | 1.7 (0.1) | 1.7 (0.1) | <0.01*† |
| Pulse Wave Velocity (m/s) | 7.1 (2.0) | 7.2 (1.6) | 7.5 (1.7) | <0.01† |
| Augmentation Index (%) | 27.1 (10.7) | 20.5 (10.5) | 22.7 (11.5) | <0.01*† |
| Carotid Intima Media Thickness (mm) | 0.6 (0.1) | 0.6 (0.1) | 0.6 (0.1) | 0.63 |
P-Pvalues for chi-square test (categorical variables), one-way ANOVA (parametric continuous variables), and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA (non-parametric continuous variables) across race/ethnic groups.
Abbreviations: LDL = low-density lipoprotein, HDL = high-density lipoprotein, BMI = body mass index.
*
Post-hoc p-value < 0.05 for South Asian vs White.
†
Post-hoc p-value < 0.05 for South Asian vs African American.
¶
Geometric mean.