Table 1.
Characteristics of Participants Who Have and Have Not Been Categorized as Having Myopia
| Participants Included | Participants Excluded | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Myopic (n = 158) | Not Myopic (n = 484) | Total | Myopic (n = 158) | Not Myopic (n = 528) | Totala |
| Age (y), mean (SD) | 20.1 (0.39) | 20.0 (0.44) | 20.0 (0.43) | 20.1 (0.54) | 20.1 (0.44) | 20.1 (0.46) |
| Female, n (%) | 92 (58.2) | 251 (51.9) | 343 (53.4) | 68 (43.0) | 232 (43.9) | 1071 (48.1) |
| Vitamin A intake (µg), median (IQR) | ||||||
| Year 14 | 1139 (863–1438) | 1124 (843–1443) | 1129 (708–1317) | 1142 (789–1540) | 1120 (854–1486) | 1102 (832–1486) |
| Year 17 | 966 (686–1236) | 986 (716–1330) | 978 (709–1317) | 923 (752–1269) | 979 (684–1329) | 920 (680–1262) |
| Year 20 | 492 (362–643) | 522 (389–730) | 511 (380–715) | 576 (387–780) | 558 (394–730) | 558 (390–740) |
| Year 20 carbohydrate intake (µg), median (IQR) | 172 (131–224) | 177 (135–230) | 176 (135–228) | 181 (129–250) | 172 (135–230) | 175 (134–235) |
| Year 20 zinc intake (µg), median (IQR) | 11 (8–14) | 12 (8–16) | 12 (8–16) | 12 (9–17) | 11.7 (8–16) | 12 (8–16) |
| Year 20 CUVAF (mm2), median (IQR) | 30.2 (10.1–51.8) | 44.9 (19.3–67.9) | 41.1 (17.2–65.5) | 36.6 (10.9–57.5) | 51.6 (25.8–74.7) | 47.9 (23.0–72.6) |
| Vitamin A status, female, n (%)/male, n (%) | ||||||
| Year 14 low (<600 µg) | 8 (8.7)/3 (4.5) | 19 (7.6)/7 (3.0) | 27 (7.9)/10 (3.3) | 3 (8.6)/5 (8.1) | 14 (10.1)/10 (5.2) | 47 (10.6)/37 (7.0) |
| Year 14 adequate (≥600 µg) | 84 (91.3)/63 (95.5) | 232 (92.4)/226 (97.0) | 316 (92.1)/289 (96.7) | 32 (91.4)/57 (91.9) | 125 (89.9)/182 (94.8) | 397 (89.4)/490 (93.0) |
| Year 17 low (<600 µg) | 16 (17.4)/9 (13.6) | 54 (21.5)/28 (12.0) | 70 (20.4)/37 (12.4) | 3 (20.0)/2 (22.2) | 10 (21.3)/8 (16.7) | 43 (22.1)/22 (14.1) |
| Year 17 adequate (≥600 µg) | 76 (82.6)/57 (8s6.4) | 197 (78.5)/205 (88.0) | 273 (79.6)/262 (87.6) | 12 (80.0)/7 (77.8) | 37 (78.7)/40 (83.3) | 152 (77.9)/134 (85.9) |
| Year 20 low (<600 µg) | 77 (83.7)/45 (68.2) | 205 (81.7)/118 (50.6) | 282 (82.2)/163 (54.5) | 55 (83.3)/44 (55.7) | 184 (89.3)/143 (55.4) | 259 (88.1)/194 (55.4) |
| Year 20 adequate (≥600 µg) | 15 (16.3)/21 (31.8) | 46 (18.3)/115 (49.4) | 61 (17.8)/136 (45.5) | 11 (16.7)/35 (44.3) | 22 (10.7)/115 (44.6) | 35 (11.9)/156 (44/6) |
| Highest education completed, n (%) | ||||||
| Primary school | 1 (0.7) | 3 (0.7) | 4 (0.7) | 2 (1.5) | 14 (3.5) | 18 (2.7) |
| Secondary school (high school) | 110 (76.9) | 304 (70.9) | 414 (72.4) | 92 (69.7) | 275 (69.3) | 456 (68.4) |
| Otherb | 20 (14.0) | 92 (21.4) | 112 (19.6) | 28 (21.2) | 88 (22.2) | 148 (22.2) |
| University | 12 (8.4) | 30 (7.0) | 42 (7.3) | 10 (7.6) | 20 (5.0) | 45 (6.7) |
| Parental myopia, n (%) | ||||||
| No | 100 (69.9) | 357 (82.6) | 457 (79.5) | 95 (72.0) | 327 (82.4) | 530 (79.5) |
| Yes | 43 (30.1) | 75 (17.3) | 118 (20.5) | 37 (28.0) | 70 (17.6) | 137 (20.5) |
IQR, interquartile range.
a
Includes missing refractive values.
b
Includes, for example, technical and further education (vocational tertiary education in Australia).