Table 2.

Hierarchical multiple regression predicting the pre–post change in cognitive performance.

	Step 1		Step 2
Variables	β	95% CI	β	95% CI
Group	0.09 *	0.04 to 0.15	0.09 *	0.04 to 0.14
Baseline Performance	−0.57 *	−0.064 to −0.50	−0.56 *	−0.63 to −0.48
Baseline Performance2	0.06 *	0.002 to 0.13	0.10 *	0.02 to 0.17
EF Condition	−0.17 *	−0.22 to −0.11	−0.17 *	−0.23 to −0.11
Group × Baseline Performance			−0.07 *	−0.14 to −0.003
Group × Baseline Performance2			0.03	−0.03 to 0.09
Group × EF Condition			−0.03	−0.08 to 0.03
Baseline Performance × EF Condition			0.07 *	0.008 to 0.14
Baseline Performance2 × EF Condition			−0.003	−0.08 to 0.07
ΔR2	0.33 *		0.01 *

Note: Cognitive performance was converted to z-score after controlling for age and sex in each study; group is coded as control = 0, intervention = 1; EF condition is coded as lower EF condition = 0, higher EF condition = 1; CI = confidence interval; * p < 0.05. Step 3 did not reach significance (ΔR² = 0.002, p = 0.30). Baseline Performance² = square value of Baseline Performance.