Table 2.
Non-randomised trials of effect Helicobacter eradication on severity of, and hypokinesia in, idiopathic parkinsonism.
| Study | Ascertainment of Helicobacter Positivity | Interventions | Number Helicobacter-Positive (Levodopa-Status) |
Primary Relevant Outcome Measures | Duration Follow-Up (Confirmation Eradication) | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pierantozzi et al. (2001) [48] |
Anti-urease-IgG serology (ELISA) | 1-week placebo followed by 1-week fixed triple therapy | 6 (all with levodopa-associated wearing-off phenomenon) |
UPDRS-III | 2 weeks after each intervention (none) | UPDRS score lower after triple therapy than after placebo at 2 h after levodopa test-dose but not 1 h. |
| Lee et al. (2008) [49] |
UBT | 1-week fixed triple therapy | 35 (all with levodopa-induced motor fluctuations) |
UPDRS-III | 3 months (UBT at 9 weeks) | Numerical, but not statistically significant, reduction in UPDRS after eradication (excluding one eradication failure). |
| Hashim et al. (2014) [50] |
UBT | 1-week fixed triple therapy | 21 * (levodopa therapy for ≥1 month) |
UPDRS-III PDQ-39 † |
12 weeks (UBT at 12 weeks) | UPDRS and PDQ scores (including mobility) improved significantly (by 13 and 19 points, respectively) after eradication. |
| Liu et al. (2017) [51] |
UBT | 2-week fixed triple therapy | 24 (half untreated) (levodopa used but not inclusion criterion) |
UPDRS-III | 1 year (UBT at 1 year) | Within triple therapy patients, and by comparison with untreated, improvement in UPDRS score, mainly brady/hypokinesia subscores (excluding two eradication failures). |
* After excluding six drop-outs. † Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (disability).