Figure 1.

Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP) induces expression of Notch-1, IL-6, and myeloid cell leukemia sequence-1 (MCL-1) in infected macrophages. (A–E): Expression level of Notch-1, interleukin (IL)-6, MCL-1, and hairy enhancer of split (HES)-1 was measured in infected macrophages using MAP (UCF 4, 10⁷ CFU/mL) for 24 h. (F–I): Expression level of Notch-1, IL-6, MCL-1, and HES-1 in macrophages infected with M. smegmatis, MAP, heat-inactivated MAP, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 ng/mL). Gene expression levels were measured using RT-PCR. IL-6 protein level was measured using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay ELISA. All experiments were performed in triplets. Data are shown as mean ± SD, and significance is considered as * p < 0.05.