Table 2.
Prevalence of pvmdr1, pvcrt-o, pvdhfr and pvdhps haplotypes in asymptomatic and symptomatic infections
| Genes (codons) | Haplotypesa | # of haplotypes/# of sequenced isolates (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asymptomatic | Symptomatic | Total | ||
| pvmdr1 (976/997/1076)b | YKF | 1/57 (1.8) | 9/56 (16.1)** | 10/113 (8.8) |
| FKF | 0 (0.0) | 3/56 (5.4) | 3113 (2.7) | |
| YRF | 4/57 (7.0) | 2/56 (3.6) | 6/113 (5.3) | |
| YKL | 52/57 (91.2) | 42/56 (75.0)* | 94/113 (83.2) | |
| pvcrt-o (2/3/K10 insertion)c | TI_ | 37/52 (71.2) | 33/51 (64.7) | 70/103 (68.0) |
| TIK | 15/52 (28.8) | 14/51 (27.5) | 29/103 (28.2) | |
| TV_ | 0 (0.0) | 1/51 (2.0) | 1/103 (1.0) | |
| IIK | 0 (0.0) | 3/51 (5.9) | 3/103 (2.9) | |
| pvdhfr (13/57/58/61/99/117/173) | IFSTHSI | 1/61 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1/116 (0.9) |
| IFST-SI | 14/61 (23.0) | 7/55 (12.7) | 21/116 (18.1) | |
| IFSTSSI | 13/61 (21.3) | 17/55 (30.9) | 30/116 (25.9) | |
| IFSTSTI | 1/61 (1.6) | 0/55 (0.0) | 1/116 (0.9) | |
| IFRT-NI | 11/61 (18.0) | 9/55 (16.4) | 20/116 (17.2) | |
| IIRMHSI | 4/61 (6.6) | 0 (0.0) | 4/116 (3.6) | |
| ILRMHTI | 0 (0.0) | 7/55 (10.9)*** | 7/116 (6.0) | |
| IIRMHTI | 17/61 (27.9) | 13/55 (23.6) | 30/116 (25.8) | |
| LIRMHTI | 0 (0.0) | 2/55 (3.6) | 2/116 (1.7) | |
| pvdhps (382/383/512/553/571/647) | SAKAEA | 13/41 (31.7) | 7/39 (17.9) | 20/80 (25.0) |
| SGKAEA | 12/41 (29.3) | 17/39 (43.6) | 29/80 (36.3) | |
| SGKGEA | 8/41 (19.5) | 11/39 (28.2) | 19/80 (23.8) | |
| SGKAQA | 2/41 (4.9) | 0 (0.0) | 2/80 (2.5) | |
| AGKGEA | 3/41 (7.3) | 2/39 (5.1) | 5/80 (6.3) | |
| SGMGEA | 3/41 (7.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3/80 (3.8) | |
| SGKGEV | 0 (0.0) | 1/39 (2.6) | 1/80 (1.3) | |
| CGEGEA | 0 (0.0) | 1/39 (2.6) | 1/80 (1.3) | |
The difference in the major haplotypes between asymptomatic and symptomatic infections was calculated by Fisher’s exact test. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001
aMutant amino acids are shown in boldface
bFor pvmdr1, the fixed T958M was not considered
cFor pvcrt-o, _ indicates no K10 insertion