Table 2.
Participant characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis
| Study | Mean age (years) | Female gender n (%) |
EF ≥ 50% n (%) | CAD (%) | HTN (%) | PVD (%) | ACEi/ARB (%) | Beta-blocker (%) | Insulin (%) | Sulfonylurea (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metformin treatment | Masoudi [20] (n = 1861) | 75.8 | 1060 (57) | 447 (24) | 1135 (61) | 1321 (71) | 56 (3) | 1191 (64) | 707 (38) | 354 (19) | 1042 (56) |
| Romero [21] (n = 926) | 70.6 | 500 (54) | 478 (52) | 349 (38) | 555 (60) | 141 (15) | 751 (81) | 324 (35) | 409 (44) | 185 (20) | |
| Facila [19] (n = 275) | 71.0 | 120 (44) | 144 (52) | 115 (42) | 159 (58) | 22 (8) | 207 (75) | 179 (65) | 65 (24) | 71 (26) | |
| Aguilar [18] (n = 1561) | 67.3 | 122 (8) | 727 (47) | 514 (33) | 1202 (77) | 312 (20) | 1350 (87) | 929 (60) | 523 (34) | 923 (59) | |
| Pooled (n = 4623) | 71.2±4 | 1802 (39) | 1796 (39) | 2113 (46) | 3237 (70) | 531 (11) | 3499 (76) | 2139 (46) | 1351 (29) | 2221 (48) | |
| Non-Metformin treatment | Masoudi [20] (n = 12,069) | 77.0 | 7000 (58) | 2776 (23) | 7966 (66) | 8448 (70) | 482 (4) | 6879 (57) | 3862 (32) | 6638 (55) | 6155 (51) |
| Romero [21] (n = 593) | 72.3 | 317 (54) | 302 (51) | 218 (37) | 335 (57) | 98 (17) | 480 (81) | 218 (37) | 394 (66) | 257 (43) | |
| Facila [19] (n = 560) | 74.0 | 291 (52) | 264 (47) | 278 (50) | 475 (85) | 95 (17) | 386 (69) | 329 (59) | 278 (49) | 117 (21) | |
| Aguilar [18] (n = 4624) | 70.0 | 282 (6) | 2048 (44) | 1665 (36) | 3648 (75) | 1147 (25) | 3801 (82) | 2839 (61) | 2452 (53) | 2719 (59) | |
| Pooled (n = 17,846) | 73.3±3 | 7890 (44) | 5390 (30) | 10,127 (57) | 12,906 (72) | 1822 (10) | 11,546 (65) | 7248 (41) | 9762 (55) | 9248 (52) |
EF ejection fraction, CAD coronary artery disease, HTN hypertension, PVD peripheral vascular disease, ACEi angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker