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. 2020 Jul 30;8:542. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00542

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Copyright © 2020 Marchesini, De Francesco, Mattioli-Belmonte, Zingaretti, Riccio, Orlando, Zavan and Riccio.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The principal molecules involved in the wound healing process were investigated by means of a real-time PCR array analysis in all groups (Group A: control lesions; Group B: 16 mg/ml talc injection; Group C: 160 mg/ml talc injection; Group D: 300 mg/ml talc injection) at 4 weeks. Regarding the ECM components, the treated samples showed a greater expression of collagens (type 5 and 3 mRNA) compared to control. Concerning the remodeling enzymes, all matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) displayed a significant increase. Concerning the inflammatory cytokines the treated samples exhibited a greater expression of inflammatory interleukin (IL) 1 and a lesser expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL10). Moreover, they showed high levels of growth factor transcripts, such as the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 7, FGF10, transforming growth factor (TGF) A, TGFB1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Repeated-measures ANOVA with a post-hoc analysis using Bonferroni's multiple comparison. T tests were used to determine significant differences (p < 0.05). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Repeatability was calculated as the standard deviation of the difference between measurements.