Table 2.
Characteristics of the included studies for meta-analysis
| Study | Country | Enrolment period | Total cases | Infected cases | Study design | Location | Cut-off (ng/mL) | Sen | Spe | Standard | Received antibiotics | Exclusion criteria | Inclusion criteria | Acquisition time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [13] | USA | From April 2015 to August 2016 | 195 | 57 | Prospective study | Hip, knee | 850 | 89.47% | 92.75% | ICM criteria (2014) | Yes | 1, 9, 10, 11, 13 | 2, 15 | The day of surgery |
| [17] | China | From October 2016 to October 2017 | 30 | 15 | Prospective study | Hip, knee | 850 | 66.67% | 60.00% | MSIS criteria (2011) | NA | 3, 4, 12, 15 | Before surgery | |
| [15] | China | From June 2016 to December 2018 | 101 | 31 | Retrospective study | Hip, knee | 850 | 71% | 80% | ICM criteria (2014) | NA | 1, 2, 4, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15 | Before surgery | |
| [25] | China | From January 2016 to December 2017 | 439 | 76 | Retrospective study (multicentre) | Hip, knee | 1250 | 64.5% | 65% | ICM criteria (2014) | NA | 2, 4, 5, 6, 15 | The day of admission | |
| [18] | China | From April 2017 to August 2018 | 80 | 26 | Prospective study | Hip, knee | 756 | 80.77% | 79.63% | MSIS criteria (2011) | NA | 1, 5, 9, 11, 15 | The day before surgery | |
| [24] | China | From January 2013 to December 2018 | 318 | 129 | Retrospective Study | Hip, knee | 1020 | 68.29% | 50.70% | ICM criteria (2014) | Yes | 8, 9, 14 | 2, 4, 5, 7, 15 | The day of admission |
| [16] | China | From January 2015 to December 2018 | 122 | 55 | Prospective study | Hip, knee | 1170 | 92.73% | 74.63% | ICM criteria (2014) | NA | 3, 4, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15 | The day before surgery |
Sen sensitivity, Spe specificity, ICM International Consensus Meeting, MSIS Musculoskeletal Infection Society, NA Not available