Table 3.

Associations of participant characteristics with serious adverse drug reactions

Characteristics	N (%) with Adverse Drug Reactions, n=125	Incidence Ratea		Unadjusted Model			Adjusted Model
		Incidence Rate	[95% Confidence Interval]	Hazard Ratio	[95% Confidence Interval]	P Value	Hazard Ratio	[95% Confidence Interval]	P Value
Age, yr						0.15			0.32
<60	26 (4)	2.4	[0.9 to 6.9]	Reference			Reference
60–75	52 (4)	2.4	[1.1 to 5.1]	1.02	[0.64 to 1.63]		0.71	[0.44 to 1.17]
≥75	47 (5)	3.4	[1.6 to 7.5]	1.45	[0.90 to 2.34]		0.91	[0.54 to 1.51]
Sex						0.91			0.74
Men	82 (4)	2.7	[1.5 to 4.8]	Reference			Reference
Women	43 (4)	2.8	[1.3 to 6.0]	0.98	[0.68 to 1.42]		1.06	[0.73 to 1.55]
eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2						<0.001			0.01
≥30	49 (3)	1.8	[0.9 to 3.4]	Reference			Reference
<30	76 (6)	4.0	[2.4 to 6.8]	2.17	[1.51 to 3.11]		1.82	[1.25 to 2.63]
BMI, kg/m2						0.05			0.46
<30	70 (4)	2.4	[1.3 to 4.5]	Reference			Reference
≥30	55 (5)	3.3	[1.6 to 6.8]	1.42	[0.99 to 2.04]		1.16	[0.79 to 1.70]
Anemiab						0.001			0.15
Without anemia	60 (3)	2.0	[1.0 to 4.1]	Reference			Reference
With anemia	65 (5)	3.9	[2.0 to 7.5]	1.77	[1.25 to 2.52]		1.31	[0.91 to 1.89]
Diabetes						0.03			0.89
Without diabetes	60 (3)	2.3	[1.2 to 4.3]	Reference			Reference
With diabetes	65 (5)	3.3	[1.8 to 6.1]	1.47	[1.03 to 2.09]		0.97	[0.65 to 1.44]
AKI history						0.01			0.12
Without AKI history	84 (4)	2.3	[1.3 to 4.2]	Reference			Reference
With AKI history	41 (6)	4.0	[1.8 to 9.3]	1.67	[1.12 to 2.49]		1.37	[0.92 to 2.05]
Cardiovascular history						<0.001			0.01
Without cardiovascular history	35 (2)	1.5	[0.7 to 3.4]	Reference			Reference
With cardiovascular history	90 (6)	3.9	[2.4 to 6.3]	2.45	[1.65 to 3.63]		1.93	[1.25 to 2.98]
Baseline no. of drugs per patients						<0.001			0.05
<5	10 (2)	1.1	[0.2 to 4.6]	Reference			Reference
5–10	62 (4)	2.4	[1.3 to 4.3]	2.29	[1.17 to 4.46]		1.53	[0.76 to 3.10]
>10	53 (3)	5.0	[2.7 to 9.4]	4.70	[2.39 to 9.23]		2.31	[1.07 to 5.01]
Adherence to medication						0.01			0.03
Good	30 (3)	1.8	[0.8 to 4.3]	Reference			Reference
Poor	95 (5)	3.3	[2.0 to 5.4]	1.95	[1.29 to 2.94]		1.59	[1.05 to 2.42]

P values used the Wald chi-squared test for global variable effect. BMI, body mass index.

^aIncidence rates are expressed per 100 person-years.

^bAnemia is defined by the 1968 World Health Organization (51) definition: <12 g/dl for women and <13 g/dl for men.