Table 3.
Trends in body weight, obesity and other body composition measurements from 1999 to 2006 in the NHANES
| Characteristics | Survey cycles | P value for trend* | Mean change from 1999–2000 to 2005–2006 (95% CI) | |||
| 1999–2000 | 2001–2002 | 2003–2004 | 2005–2006 | |||
| Weight, kg | 76.8 (75.6 to 77.9) | 76.9 (76.1 to 77.7) | 78.3 (77.5 to 79.0) | 78.9 (77.4 to 80.4) | 0.010 | 2.11 (0.28 to 3.93) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.9 (26.5 to 27.3) | 26.8 (26.6 to 27.1) | 27.3 (27.0 to 27.5) | 27.5 (27.0 to 28.0) | 0.016 | 0.59 (−0.01 to 1.20) |
| Overweight, %† | 35.5 (32.6 to 38.2) | 36.7 (34.2 to 39.3) | 35.8 (32.9 to 38.6) | 34.1 (32.4 to 35.9) | 0.25 | −1.31 (−4.45 to 1.83) |
| Obesity, %† | 24.3 (21.2 to 27.4) | 23.7 (21.3 to 26.0) | 27.6 (24.7 to 30.5) | 29.3 (25.8 to 32.7) | 0.023 | 4.92 (0.49 to 9.36) |
| Waist circumference, cm | 92.6 (91.3 to 93.9) | 93.0 (92.4 to 93.7) | 94.9 (94.3 to 95.5) | 94.5 (93.1 to 95.9) | <0.001 | 1.90 (0.12 to 3.67) |
| Central obesity, %† | 39.9 (35.3 to 44.5) | 41.5 (39.3 to 43.8) | 47.3 (44.5 to 50.2) | 45.1 (41.2 to 49.1) | 0.005 | 5.21 (−0.60 to 11.0) |
| Total body fat percentage, % | 33.0 (32.4 to 33.7) | 32.6 (32.3 to 32.9) | 33.5 (33.1 to 34.0) | 32.8 (32.3 to 33.3) | 0.766 | −0.24 (−1.04 to 0.56) |
| Total lean body mass, kg | 49.3 (48.7 to 49.8) | 49.6 (49.1 to 50.0) | 49.8 (49.3 to 50.3) | 50.7 (50.0 to 51.5) | <0.001 | 1.45 (0.57 to 2.34) |
| ASM, kg* | 21.7 (21.5 to 22.0) | 21.7 (21.4 to 22.0) | 21.7 (21.4 to 21.9) | 21.9 (21.6 to 22.2) | 0.986 | 0.16 (−0.24 to 0.56) |
| SMI, kg/m2 | 7.53 (7.45 to 7.61) | 7.50 (7.41 to 7.59 | 7.46 (7.38 to 7.54) | 7.55 (7.46 to 7.64) | 0.958 | 0.02 (−0.09 to 0.14) |
| BMD, g/cm2 | 1.12 (1.11 to 1.12) | 1.14 (1.13 to 1.14) | 1.15 (1.14 to 1.16) | 1.17 (1.16 to 1.19) | <0.001 | 0.06 (0.04 to 0.07) |
*P value for trend (1999–2006) was adjusted for sex, age, race, education level, annual household income, time spent watching TV per day and physical activity level.
†All statistics were weighted and shown as the means (95% CI) or † percentages (95% CIs).
ASM, appendicular skeletal muscle mass; BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; SMI, Skeletal Muscle Index; TV, television.